Impact of Organic Conditioners (Biochar and Sheep Manure) on Runoff and Erosion

Document Type : Research

Authors

1 PhD student of Department of rangeland and watershed management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Hormozgan University, Hormozgan, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Hormozgan University, Hormozgan, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agricultural, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

Abstract

Soil erosion and nutrient loss threaten the soil and water resources worldwide. Application of soil conditioners, particularly organic amendments, is an effective way to mitigate this problem. This study was undertaken to assess the effect of application of two organic amendments, biochar and ship manure, under two rainfall intensities of 51 and 65 mm/h by using a rainfall simulator on intact soil. No significant difference was observed in the treatments at 51 mm/h, while with an increase in the intensity to 65 mm/h, the biochar amendment made a decrease of about 64% in the suspended load and runoff coefficient; sheep manure reduced the runoff coefficient and suspended load by about 76% and 74%, respectively at the 99% significance level.

Keywords

References

Aghabeigi Amin S, Arabkhedri M. 2018. Designing and construction of a portable rainfall simulator. Iranian journal of eco hydrology, 5(1): 229–239. (In Persian).
BakhshiTiregani M, Moradi H, Sadeghi S. 2011. Comparison of runoff generation and sediment yield in two land uses of range and dry farming. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 18(2): 269–279. (In Persian)
Biederman L, Harpole W. 2013. Biochar and its effects on plant productivity and nutrient cycling: a meta-analysis. Global Change Biology Bioenergy, 5(2): 202–214.
Correa S, Mello C, Chou S, Curi N, Norton L. 2016. Soil erosion risk associated with climate change at Mantaro River basin, Peruvian Andes. Catena, 147(1): 110–124.
Doan T, Henry-des-Tureaux T, Rumpel C, Janeau J, Jouquet P. 2015. Impact of compost, vermicompost and biochar on soil fertility, maize yield and soil erosion in Northern Vietnam: A three year mesocosm experiment. Science of the Total Environment, 514(1): 147–154.
Ekwue E. 1992. Effect of organic and fertilizer treatments on soil physical properties and erodibility. Soil and Tillage Research, 22(3-4): 199–209.
Ghahraman B, Abkhezr H. 2004. Improvement inintensity-duration-frequency relationshipsof rainfall in Iran. Journal of Water and soil Science, 8(2): 1–14. (In Persian).
Gholami L, Sadeghi S, Homaee M. 2016. Different effects of sheep manure conditioner on runoff and soil loss components in eroded soil. Catena, 139(1): 99–104.
Gronwald M, Vos C, Helfrich M, Don A. 2016. Stability of pyrochar and hydrochar in agricultural soil - a new field incubation method. Geoderma, 284(1): 85–92.
Hawke R, Price A, Bryan R. 2006. The effect of initial soil water content and rainfall intensity on near-surface soil hydrologic conductivity: A laboratory investigation. Catena, 65(3): 237–246.
Hayavi F. 2011. Experimenttal study of rain splash erosion in different soils using rainfall simulator. M.Sc. Thesis. Faculty of Natural Resources and Geoscience. Shahrekord university, 110 p. (In Persian).
Homauonfar V, Khaledi Darvishan A, Sadeghi S. 2016. Effects of soil preparation for laboratorial erosion studies on surface runoff. Journal of Watershed Management Research, 7(14): 60–68. (In Persian).
Karimi N. 2017. Conservation effects of biochar on runoff and sediment reduction in different soil moistures and laboratory conditions. M.Sc. Thesis of Natural Resources Faculty. Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, 100 p . (In Persian) 
Kavian A, Asgariyan R, JafarianJeloudar Z, Bahmanyar M. 2012. Effect of Soil Properties on Runoff and Sediment Yield in Farm Scale (Case study: a part of Sari Town's neighboring Croplands). Journal of Water and Soil Science (Agricultural Science), 23(4):45–57. (In Persian).
Khaledi Darvishan A. 2013. Simulation of runoff generation and soil erosion processes in different antecedent soil moisture content. Ph.D. Dissertation. Faculty of Natural Resource.Tarbiat Modares University, 140 p. (In Persian).
Liu W, Luo Q, Lu H, Wu J, Duan W. 2017. The effect of litter layer on controlling surface runoff and erosion in rubber plantations on tropical mountain slopes, SW China. Catena, 149(1): 167–175.
Peng X, Zhu Q, Xie Z, Darboux F, Holden N. 2016. The impact of manure, straw and biochar amendments on aggregation and erosion in a hillslope Ultisol. Catena, 138(1): 30–37.
Ramos M, Quinton J, Tyrrel S. 2006. Effects of cattle manure on erosion rates and runoff water pollution by faecal coliforms. Journal of Environmental Management, 78(1): 97–101.
Sadeghi S, Gholami L, Homaee M, Khaledi Darvishan A. 2015. Reducing sediment concentration and soil loss using organic and inorganic amendments at plot scale. Solid Earth, 6(2): 445–455.
Sadeghi S, Mizuyama T, Miyata S, Gomi T, Kosugi K, Fukushima T, Mizugaki S, Onda Y. 2008. Development, Evaluation and Interpretation of Sediment Rating Curves for a Japanese Small Mountainous Reforested Watershed. Geoderma, 144(1-2): 198–211.
Safari A. 2013. soil loss and runoff measurement in forest roads of Darabkola. M.Sc. Thesis. Faculty of Natural Resources. Sari Agriculture and Natural Resource University, 97 p. (In Persian).
SharifiMoghaddam E, Sadeghi S, KhalediDarvishan A. 2015. Small plot soil hydrologic components as affected by application of vinasse organic residue. Iranian Journal of sSoil and Water Research, 45(4): 499–508. (In Persian).
Wang A, Li F, Yang S. 2011. Effect of polyacrylamide application on runoff, erosion, and soil nutrient loss under simulated rainfall. Pedosphere, 21(5): 628–638.
ZareKhormizi M, Najafinejad A, Noura N, Kavian A. 2012. Effects of slope and soil properties on runoff and soil loss using rainfall simulator, Chehel-chai watershed, Golestan province. Journal of Water and Soil Conservation, 19(2): 165–178. (In Persian).

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 25 July 2018
  • Revise Date: 25 September 2018
  • Accept Date: 28 November 2018

Share

How to cite

Statistics