Effect of Three Rangeland Improvement Practices on Vegetation Properties in Emam kandi Rangelands, Urmia

Document Type : Research

Authors

1 Graduate Student, Associate Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University

2 Professor of Faculty of Natural Resources, Tehran University

3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tehran University

4 Associate Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University

Abstract

In order to study the effect of rangeland improvement operations on vegetation properties, a study was conducted at Imam Kandi rangelands. In the present study, improvement operations including pit seeding, exclusion and counter trenches were selected at region and control region was considered for each region. the systematic-randomly method was used, six 100 m transect was established on each sites and along each them ten 10*10 plot for sampling was selected. Within each plot, existing species table, crown cover percent, palatability classes, production, density and vegetation growth forms was recorded. In order to comparison of vegetation properties at sites with improvement operation within control site independent t-test was used. Results showed that plants in classes I and II at improved regions increased and plants III decreased compared to control and had significant difference. In terms of growth forms, mean properties of permanent graminea and permanent forbs at improved region increased and had a significant difference with control site. Overall, results show that improvement operation at Imam Kandi rangelands was successful and caused improvement of vegetation cover properties in these rangeland area.

Keywords

References

  1. Abdallah, F., Noumi,Z.,Touzard,B.,OuledBelgacem,A.,Neffati,M.,Chaieb,M., 2008.The influence of Acacia tortilis (Forssk.) subsp. raddiana (Savi) and livestock grazing on grass species composition, yield and soil nutrients in arid environments of South Tunisia.Flora 203:116–125.

    Aghajanloo, F., and Mousavi, A. 2007. An investigation on the Effects of Exclosure on Quantitative and Qualitative changes of Rangeland Vegetation Cover. Journal of the Iranian Natural Res., 59(4) : 981-986 (In persian).

    Ahmadi, A., and Sanadgol, A. 2005. The effect of pit- seeding on the range condition and range productionin the Goledam rangelands. Iranian journal of Range and Desert Reseach 13(1):48-52. (In persian).

    Arzani, H., 1997. Manual of rangeland assessment plan in rangelands of Iran with various climate conditions. Iranian Research Institute of forests and rangelands press, 65 p.

    Azarnivand, H., Zare Chahoki, M.A. 2011. Rangeland Ecology. Tehran University press.345p. (In persian).

    Azarnivand, H., and Zare Chahoki, M.A., 2008. Range Improvement. Tehran University press.354p. (In persian).

    Basiri, M., Jalalian, A. and Wahhabi, M.R. 1989. The plans report of studies on condition and production of seed in native range species in Fereiden region, Faculty of Agriculture, Industerial University of Isfahan.

    Urmia University, 2008, Detailed studies of the Emam Kandi basin, Urmia..: 250pp. (In persian).

    Dhaou, S.O., and Abdallah, F. 2010. The Protection effects on  floristic  diversity in a north African  Pseudo -Savanna. Pak. J. Bot., 42(3): 1501-1510.

    Fernandez-Lugo, S., de Nascimento, L., Mellado,  M., Bermejo, L.A., Arevalo, J.R. 2009. Vegetation change and chemical soil composition after 4 years of goat grazing exclusion in a Canary Islands pasture. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 132 :276–282.

    Heidarian Aghakhani, M., Naghipour Borj, A.A., Tavakoli, H. 2010. The Effects of grazing intensity on vegetation and soil in Sisab rangelands,Bojnord, Iran. Iranian journal of Range and Desert Reseach, 17 (2):243-255. (In persian).

    Habibzadeh, A., Godarzy, M., Mehrvarz, K., and Javanshir, A., 2007. The Effect of Pitting, Ripping and Contour Furrow on the Moisture Storage and Increase in Plant Cover. Journal of the Iranian Natural Res., 60 (2): 397-410

    Jafari, M., Ebrahimi, M., Azarnivand, H., Madahi, A. 2009. The effects of rangeland restoration treatments on some aspects of soil and vegetation parameters (Case study: Sirjan rangelands). J.Rangeland, 3(3):371-384. (In persian).

    Jeddi, K., and Chaieb, M. 2010. Changes in soil properties and vegetation following livestock grazing exclusion in degraded arid environments of South Tunisia. Flora 205:184–189.

    Khatir Namani, J. 2007. The study of vegetation changes of grazed and ungrazed in chut rangelands. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 14 (1): 88-96 (In persian).

    Kraaij, S., and Milton, J. 2006. Vegetation changes (1995-2004) in semi-arid Karoo shrubland, South Africa, Journal of Arid environment, 64:174-192.

    Mengol, K. 1991. Feeding and metabolism of plant. Translation by M. H. Islamic Azad university press: 527 p.

    Mesdaghi. M. 2007. range management in Iran. 3rd edition. Tehran University press, 333 p. (In persian)

    Moghaddam, M.R. 2007. Range and Range Management. 4rd edition. Tehran University press, 470 p. (In persian)

    Motamedi., J. 2011. presentation of short- and long-term stocking rate estimation model for rangeland and livestock balance (case study: Taleqan watershed and Isfahan semi step rangelands), Ph.D  thesis of Tehran University:250P.

    Sheidai Karkaj., E. 2011. Evaluation of carbon sequestration ability in rangelands restorational species: Atriplex lentiformis and Agropyron elongatum (case study: Chapar ghoymeh, Gonbad),M.s.c thesis of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources :85P.

    Pei, S.h., Fu, H., and Wan, C. 2008. Changes in soil properties and vegetation following exclosure and grazing in degraded Alxa desert steppe of Inner Mongolia, China, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment,  124: 33–39.

    Raeesi, F., Mohammadi, J., & Asadi, E. 2002. Quality of rangeland litter and its relation to carbon dynamic in difference managements in sabzkoh rangelands. second congress range and rangeland in Iran, 280-290. (In persian).

    Rauzi, f., Lang, R.L, Becker, C.G. 1962. Mechanical treatments on shortgrass range Wyoming Agric. Expt.sta. Bul: 396p

    Reeder, J.D., Schuman, G.E., 2002. Influence of livestock grazing on C sequestration in semi-arid mixed-grass and short-grass rangelands. Environ. Pollut. 116: 457– 463.

    Rich, T.D.. 2005. Effects of Contour Furrowing on Soils, Vegetation, and Grassland Breeding birds in North Dakota, USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-191.

    Robertson, J.H., Neal, D.L., Mcadams, L.R., Tuller, P.T. 1970. Changes in crested wheatgrass ranges under different grazing treatments. Jurnal of Range Manage ment. 23: 27-34.

    Teaguea, W.R., Dowhowera, S.L., Bakera, S.A., Haileb, N., DeLaunea, P.B., Conovera, D.M. 2011. Grazing management impacts on vegetation, soil biota and soil chemical, physical and hydrological properties in tall grass prairie. Agriculture, Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment 141: 310–322.

    Trodd, N.M., Dougill, A.J. 1998. Monitoring vegetation dynamics in semi-arid African rangelands: use and limitations of earth observation data to characterize vegetation structure. Applied Geography 18:315–330.

    1. Yayneshet,T., Eik,L.O., Moe, S.R. 2009. The effects of exclosures in restoring degraded semi-arid vegetation in communal grazing lands in northern Ethiopia. Journal of Arid Environments 73: 542–549.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 03 February 2018
  • Accept Date: 03 February 2018

Share

How to cite

Statistics