Study of the Streambank Erosion Using BSTEM Model in a reach of the Bashar River

Document Type : Research

Authors

1 کارشناس آبخیزداری

2 Civil Engineering, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University (Ahwaz Branch)

3 Professor of Environmental Engineering Department of the Environment, Tehran University

4 Faculty of Agricultural & Natural Resources, Hormozgan University

5 College of Agriculture, Yasuj University

Abstract

The vital need for river management and prediction of bank erosion processes is obvious. Riverbank erosion is one of the major sources of sediment for many rivers across the world. In this research, a combination of morphology methods, satellite imagery and BSTEM model were used for stability analysis of Bashar River. Comparison of the results of the BSTEM model indicated that the averages of maximum lateral retreat in cross sections of 1 to 5 were 128, 210, 200, 37 and 65 cm; the average of total eroded area were 2.01, 4.1, 5 36, 0.7 and 2.65 m2; the failure width were 1.73, 3.12, 2.32, 8.56 and 2.65 m, and the factor of safety were 0.34, 0.33, 0.27, 1.07 and 0.79, respectively, indicating the instability of the studied cross sections. On average, the maximum lateral retreat and the minimum factor of safety occurred in the floods peaking at the 537 and 912 m3/s, respectively. The results of the application of the BSTEM model in the selected reach indicated the instability of this reach of the river.

Keywords

References

Abam TKS. 1993. Factors affecting distribution of instability of river banks in the Niger delta. Engineering geology. 35(1): 123-133.
Amiri Takledani A, Samadi A, Rahimi H. 2005. Effect of position and depth of cracks in the stability of the river bank. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research. 25 (6): 25. 77–93. (In Persian).
Daly ER, Miller R, Fox GA. 2015. Modeling streambank erosion and failure along protected and unprotected composite streambanks. Advances in Water Resources. 81(1): 114–127.‏
Du Boys P. 1879. Le Rhoˆne et les rivi_ers a lit affouillable.Annales des Ponts et Chausse´es, Me´moires et Documents, Serie 5, (18): 141–195.
Fredlund DG, Morgenstern NR, Widger RA. 1978. The shear strength of unsaturated soils. Canadian Geotechnical Journal. 15(3): 313-321.
Fredlund, D.G., Rahardjo, H., 1993. Soil Mechanics of Unsaturated Soils. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y. 554 pp.
Gilliam EA. 2011. Assessing channel change and bank stability downstream of a dam, Wyoming. Master of Science Thesis. Colorado State University. 281p.
Lai YG, Thomas RE, Ozeren Y, Simon A, Greimann BP, Wu K. 2012. Coupling a two-dimensional model with a deterministic bank stability model.ASCE World Environmental and Water Resources Congress, Albuquerque, New Mexico, May 20-24.
Micheli ER, Kirchner JW. 2002. Effects of wet meadow riparian vegetation on streambank erosion. Measurements of vegetated bank strength and consequences for failure mechanics. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms. 27(7): 687-697.
Nardi L, Rinaldi M. 2010. Modelling riverbank retreat by combining reach-scale hydraulic models with bank-scale erosion and stability analyses. River Flow, Braunschweig, Gernany, pp. 1285–1291.
Parker C, Simon A, Thorne CR. 2008. The effects of variability in bank material properties on riverbank stability: Goodwin Creek, Mississippi. Geomorphology. 101 (4): 533–543.
Pollen N, Simon. A. 2005. Estimating the mechanical effects of riparian vegetation on stream bank stability using a fiber bundle model. Water Resources Research 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004WR003801 (W07025).
Rinaldi M, Mengoni B, Luppi L, Darby SE, Mosselman E. 2008. Numerical simulation of hydrodynamics and bank erosion in a river bend. Water Resources Research 44, W09428. doi:10.1029/2008WR007008.
Simon A, Curini A, Darby SE, Langendoen EJ. 2000. Bank and near-bank processes in an incised channel. Geomorphology. 35(3): 193–217.
Simon A, Bankhead N, Thomas RE. 2010. Iterative bank-stability and toe-erosion modeling for predicting streambank loading rates and potential load reductions. In: Proceedings of the 9th  Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference, Las Vegas, June 27-July 1, 2010 [On CD]. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, D.C.
Simon A, Collison AJC. 2002. Quantifying the mechanical and hydrologic effects of riparian vegetation on streambank stability. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms. 27(5): 527–546.
Simon A, Curini A, Darby SE, Langendoen EJ. 2000. Bank and near-bank processes in an incised channel, Geomorphology. 35(3): 193–217.
Simon A, Pollen-Bankhead N, Mahacek V, Langendoen E. 2009. Quantifying reductions of mass-failure frequency and sediment loadings from streambanks using toe protection and other means: Lake Tahoe, United States. Journal of the American Water Resources Association. 45(1): 170–186.
Simon A, Wolfe WJ, Molinas A. 1991. Mass wasting algorithms in an alluvial channel model, Proceedings of the Fifth Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference, Las Vegas, Nevada, 2, 8–22 to 8–29.
Thorne CR. 1982. Processes and mechanisms of river bank erosion. In: R.D. Hey, J.C. Bathurst and C.R. Thorne, (eds.), Gravel-Bed Rivers. John Wiley & Sons Ltd.: Chichester, UK, pp. 227–271.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 13 March 2018
  • Revise Date: 12 May 2018
  • Accept Date: 24 July 2018

Share

How to cite

Statistics