Effect of Watershed Practices on Hydrological Variables using SWAT Model in Kan Watershed

Document Type : Research

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

3 Professor, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

4 Professor, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran

10.22092/wmrj.2023.362356.1542

Abstract

Introduction and Goal
The implementation of watershed management practices in the country and the evaluation the conducted activities and effects investigation of these projects are essential on the governing processes at watershed. However, such an important approach has to be adequately considered.
Materials and Methods
Accordingly, the present study was planned with the simulation aim of the impact of watershed management practices on hydrological parameters using the SWAT model in the Kan Watershed in Tehran Province, Iran. Therefore, the first of the initial implementation of the model was carried out, and then it was calibrated and validated. In this research, SWAT-CUP software was used to usage of various instructions and objective functions and also to test and the model calibration and validation. In order to determination and comparison of the simulation conditions with the governing conditions on watershed applied the evaluation criteria such as the coefficient of explanation and the coefficient of efficiency.
Results and Discussion
The research results showed that the model efficiency was acceptable for the hydrological simulation of the studied watershed. So, the explanation coefficient for calibration and validation was with rates of 0.69 and 0.86 respectively. Also, the Nash-Sutcliffe index for the calibration and validation obtained with rates of 0.85 and 0.93, respectively. Then, watershed management practices simulated at the level of studied watershed. The simulated results showed that the surface runoff decreased with the practices of watershed management in the form of gabion, masonry check dam, counter trench and loose- stone check dam with the values of 25, 23, 21, and 11 percent, respectively. Also, the available water was more after the practices of watershed management in the form of gabion, masonry check dam, counter trench and loose- stone check dam with rates of 19.0, 21.3, 20.5 and 10.75 percent, respectively, compared to the absence conditions of these practices at the watershed level. Also, the maximum amount of flow changes observed in the practices conditions of masonry check dams. In addition, the evapotranspiration increased with implementation of gabion. masonry check dams, counter trench and loose- stone check dams with rates of 20.19, 20.86, 19.0 and 10.87 percent, respectively.
Conclusion and Suggestions
Based on the results of this research in the Kan watershed, the flood possibility and the flood damages can be reduced by practices of the watershed management, management and biological programs.

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Main Subjects

References

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History

  • Receive Date: 11 June 2023
  • Revise Date: 03 July 2023
  • Accept Date: 21 September 2023

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