Identification and Monitoring of Sources of Dust and Dunes in the Jolfa, ShoshQom and Gildir in the East Azarbaijan Province

Document Type : Research

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Department of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research, Tabriz, Iran

2 Assitant Professor, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Department of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research, Tabriz, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Department of Sand Dunes Research, Tehran, Iran

10.22092/wmrj.2023.363055.1548

Abstract

Introduction and Goal
Dust is one of the environmental issues that affect air quality and pollution, human health, soil fertility, and many social and environmental aspects of society. Wind erosion and sand dune movement have adverse environmental consequences. Identifying factors affecting sand mobility and predicting their condition in the future is necessary to control the wind erosion process. The purpose of this study is to identify and monitor the sources of dust and quicksand in the Jolfa, ShushQom and Gildir areas.
Materials and Methods
Analyzing wind climate data, identifying the sources of fine dust production, measuring and monitoring the production of dust and wind deposits were done using the RDD index. Also, the threshold speed and intensity of wind erosion were measured using a wind tunnel device. In order to investigate the effect of climate change, especially wind and rain, on the activity of sands and to predict the possibility of movement of sand dunes and sand dunes and the dust caused by them, Lancaster's global method was used.
Results and Discussion
The results of the Lancaster index showed that 10% of the statistical years were in an active state, which corresponded to the years 1996, 2000 and 2001. Whereas, the immobility of sand dunes (inactive) according to the Lancaster index has accounted for about 26% of the statistical years; 65% of the time in 2020, sand dunes were in an active or sand-moving state at the top of the dunes. The lands of the Jolfa micropollution center are mainly formed by the type of gravelly and sloping fan-shaped debris, and the soils of ShushQom and Gildir micropollution center are mainly a combination of mountains, hilly plains and flood plains. The results of wind tunnel tests on soil samples collected from the land surface of the Jolfa region showed that the erosion threshold of the collected sample is 8 m s-1.
Conclusions and Suggestions
According to the results of this research, abandoned rain fields, poor pastures, dry river beds and seasonal stream, etc., in the presence of environmental factors and accompanied by adverse climatic factors, are potential sources of dust and fine dust production, but the said lands in East Azarbaijan province are scattered and in certain conditions and times, they can produce a significant amount of fine dust.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Watershed Management Research
Volume 37, Issue 3 - Serial Number 144
September 2024
Pages 35-53

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History

  • Receive Date: 01 August 2023
  • Revise Date: 04 October 2023
  • Accept Date: 21 December 2023

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