بررسی تغییرات عمقی ویژگی‌های خاک‌های زیر کشت تاغ (Haloxylyn aphyllum) در منطقه یحیی‌آباد سبزوار

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بیابا نزدایی، دانشکده کویر شناسی، دانشگاه سمنان

2 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 استادیار مرتعداری، مرکز تحقیقات منابع طبیعی و امور دام سمنان

4 استادیار بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران

5 استادیار دانشکده کویر شناسی، دانشگاه سمنان

چکیده

تاغ یکی از گیاهان معمول برای تثبیت شن‌های روان در ایران است. هدف این پژوهش بررسی تاثیر تاغ بر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی شیمیایی خاک و امکان تشکیل جزایر حاصلخیز در منطقه یحیی‌آباد سبزوار بود. ابتدا بر اساس مشاهدات صحرایی و تجزیه و تحلیل پوشش گیاهی، دو منطقه با پوشش خوب و متوسط تاغ تعیین و به‌صورت کاملا تصادفی، 4 نقطه در منطقه متوسط و 5 نقطه در منطقه خوب انتخاب شد. جهت بررسی ویژگی‌های ریخت‌شناسی و فیزیکوشیمیایی خاک در هر نقطه، یک خاکرخ در زیر درخت و یک خاکرخ بین درختان تاغ و مجموعا تعداد 18 خاکرخ حفر و پس از تشریح، از افق‌های ژنتیکی نمونه‌برداری گردید. نتایج نشان داد که میزان SOC ، Nt و Pa  در زیر درختان، به‌ویژه در لایه‌های سطحی منطقه خوب، نسبت به بین‌درختان افزایش معنی‌داری داشته است. تغییرات هماهنگ  HCO3-  با SOC نشان‌دهنده ارتباط نزدیک آنها است. یون‌های Na+، Ca2+ و Cl- و به‌دنبال آن قابیلت هدایت الکتریکی و نسبت جذب سدیم، در همه لایه‌های خاک زیر درختان نسبت به بین‌درختان افزایش نشان داد. نتایج تجزیه برگ تاغ نشان داد که اضافه شدن برگ‌ها به خاک و تجزیه آنها، عامل اصلی افزایش موارد گفته شده است. کم‌بودن میزان Mg در برگ گیاه، توجیه کننده عدم افزایش قابل توجه این کاتیون در خاک است. از بین ویژگی‌های فیزیکی، فقط میزان SP به‌دلیل تاثیر موادآلی بر آن، در عمق‌ اول خاک منطقه خوب افزایش پیدا کرده است. نتایج این پژوهش موید تشکیل جزایر حاصلخیز قابل تشخیص در زیردرختان تاغ شده است که با شدت کمتر تا عمق خاک نیز ادامه پیدا کرده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the vertical distribution of soil characteristics under canopy Haloxylon appyllum in Yahya Abad, Sabzevar

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Shayesteh Zeraati 1
  • Alireza Karimi 2
  • Nosratallah Hasani 3
  • Mohammad Ghasemzadeh Gangehie 4
  • Hamid Kheyredin 5
1 M.Sc. student of Desertification, College of Desert Studies, University of Semnan
2 Associate Professor of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
3 Assistant Professor of Range management, Animal and Natural Resource Research Center of Semnan
4 Academic member of Soil and Water Department, Khorassan Rzavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Eduacation Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extention Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran
5 Assistant Professor of Soil Science, College of Desert Studies, University Of Semnan
چکیده [English]

Haloxylone is a common shrub for stabilization sand dune in Iran.The objective of this research were to investigate the effect of Haloxlylon on the physicochemical properties of soil and the possibility of fertile islands formation in Yahyaabad, Sabzevar. Firstly, based on field observations and vegetation inventory, two regions with good and moderate Haloxylon coverage were identifies and 4 and 5 sampling sites in the good and moderate coverage were selected, respectively. To examine soil morphological and physicochemical characteristics, in each site, two soil profiles under and between plants canopies (totally 18 soil profiles) were described and sampled from genetic horizons. The results showed that the amount of Pa, Nt, and SOC in fertile islands are considerably higher than between plants, especially in surface layers in good coverage regions. Coordinated changes of HCO3- and SOC indicating their close relationship. Because of high mobility of Na+, K+, and Cl-  and HCO3- the amount of these ions and consequently EC and SAR have increased in all soil layers  under canopies in comparison to between canopies . The composition of Haloxylone leaves indicated that decomposition of falling leaves is the main factor of increasing the mentioned characteristics. The low amount of Mg2+ and Ca2+ in leaves explained insignificant changes of these ions under canopies. Among the physical properties, only the saturation percentage (SP) has been increased in surface layer due to close relation of this parameter to SOC. The results of this study confirmed the formation of fertile island under Haloxylon which extended with less intensity to subsurface layers.   

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Haloxylon
  • Soil organic carbon
  • haloxylon leaf
  • fertile islands

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 اسفند 1391
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 15 بهمن 1392
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 28 اسفند 1392

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