برآورد شماره‌‌‌ی منحنی و ارتفاع رواناب در محیط Arc GIS با ابزار Arc CN-Runoff در ﺣﻮزه‌ی آﺑﺨﯿﺰ نازلوچای ارومیه

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 معاون آموزشی و هیات علمی دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه ارومیه

2 کارشناس ارشد آبخیزداری

3 کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری

چکیده

ﺗﺨﻤﻴﻦ توان ارﺗﻔﺎع رواﻧﺎب ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ در ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ و پیش‌بینی سیل‌خیزی هر ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ دارد. سازمان حفاظت خاک آمریکا  روشی اراﺋﻪ داده اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮای حوزه‌های بی‌آﻣﺎر ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ است. روش‌های مرسوم اندازه‌گیری رواناب بسیار پرهزینه و وقت‌گیر و مشکل است. این پژوهش ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ‌ی توان سیل‌خیزی و ﺗﺮﺳﯿﻢ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ‌ی ﺷﻤﺎره‌ی ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯽ حوزه‌ی آبخیز نازلوچای با روش سازمان حفاظت خاک آمریکا اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﻘﺸﻪ‌ی ﻛﺎرﺑﺮی زمین‌های ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺪول ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ، و ﺑﺎ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﮔﺮوه آب‌شناسی ﺧﺎک تلفیق شد و شماره‌ی منحنی رواناب که عامل مهمی در روش سازمان حفاظت خاک آمریکا است، به‌دست آمد. در گام بعد، با لحاظ کردن میانگین بارش و شماره‌ی منحنی رواناب، ارتفاع رواناب محدوده محاسبه و نتایج به‌صورت دو نقشه‌ی شماره‌ی منحنی رواناب و ارتفاع رواناب، پهنه‌بندی شد. با استفاده از سامانه‌ی پردازش اطلاعات جغرافیایی، متوسط وزنی شماره‌ی منحنی حوزه 77/96 برآورد شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین مقدار شماره‌ی منحنی رواناب در شرایط رطوبتی متوسط در منطقه 100 و کمترین آن  56 است. زیاد ﺑﻮدن ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ وزﻧﯽ ﺷﻤﺎره‌ی ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯽ ﺣﻮزه ﻧﺸﺎنه‌ی ﻧﻔﻮذﭘﺬﯾﺮی ﮐﻢ آن، و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل وﻗﻮع سیل است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimation of the Curve Number and Runoff Height Using Arc GIS Software with the Arc CN-Runoff Tool (Case study: Nazluchai Basin of Urmia)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Moharampour 2
  • Siavash Babaei 3
2 M. Sc. of Watershed management
3 M.Sc. of Watershed Management
چکیده [English]

Estimating the runoff height potential is important for managing and predicting the flooding of an area. In this regard, the US Soil Conservation Agency (SCS) has provided a method that is very suitable for areas lacking hydrological data. Conventional runoff measurement methods are very costly, time consuming and difficult. The purpose of this study was to calculate the flooding potential and draw a map of the Nazlouchai Watershed curve number by the SCS method. Land use map of the area was compared with the index table and integrated with the soil hydrologic group data, and the runoff curve number, an important factor in the SCS method, was obtained. In the next step, the average rainfall curve number, and runoff height were calculated, and the results were zoned according to the curve number and runoff height maps.  Using the Geographic Information System, the average weight of the area curve number was estimated as 96.77. Results showed that the highest amount of runoff curve number under the average humidity conditions in the study area was 100, and the lowest value was 56.00. The high mean value of the area curve number indicates the low permeability of the area, which indicates the strong likelihood of flood occurrence.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • runoff height
  • Geographic Information System
  • curve number
  • soil hydrology group

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 بهمن 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 اردیبهشت 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 02 مرداد 1397

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