شناسایی و کمی‌سازی سهم منابع رسوب‌های ساحلی برای مهارکردن فرسایش بادی در آبخیز جگین، استان هرمزگان

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکده‌ی کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، هرمزگان، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکده‌ی کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، هرمزگان، ایران

3 استاد گروه علوم کشاورزی پایدار، مرکز تحقیقات رُتامستِد، انگلستان

4 استادیار گروه مهندسی مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه گنبد، گنبد کاووس، گلستان، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش، شناسایی و کمی‌سازی سهم منابع تپه­های ماسه‌یی ساحلی در خروجی آبخیز جگین، شرق جاسک، در استان هرمزگان با استفاده از روش انگشت­نگاری رسوب است. بیست نمونه­ی رسوب از رسوب‌های ساحلی و 62 نمونه از منابع بالقوه­ی رسوب‌های ساحلی در بالادست برداشت شد و 49 عنصر ژئوشیمیایی به‌عنوان ردیاب در نمونه­های منبع و رسوب با ICP-OES اندازه­گیری شد. سپس، یک فرآیند آماری سه مرحله­یی شامل آزمون دامنه، کروسکال-­والیس و تحلیل تشخیص گام‌به‌گام برای انتخاب کردن ردیاب­های بهینه در تفکیک منابع رسوب به‌کارگرفته شد. هفت عنصر Cu، Th، Be، Al، La، Mg و Fe ردیاب بهینه شناخته شد. میانگین سهم محاسبه‌شده با مدل ترکیبی برای چهار منبع شامل رسوب‌های دوره­ی کواترنر، دور الیگوسن-میوسن، میوسن و پالئوسن به‌ترتیب 5، 5، 10 و 80% محاسبه شد. بنابراین، برای مهار کردن فرسایش بادی در بیابان­های ساحلی به­ویژه منطقه‌ی مکران، توجه به آبخیزهای مشرف بالادست ساحل ضروری است و باید محل‌های مولد رسوب را در این مناطق شناسایی و تثبیت کرد. به‌طورکلی در این پژوهش، رسوب‌های پالئوسن (شامل ماسه­سنگ چندآمیزه‌یی، سیلت­سنگ، گل‌سنگ و مقدار کمی جوش‌سنگ) منبع غالب برای 16 نمونه­ی رسوب شناسایی شد. بنابراین فعالیت­های مدیریتی برای مهار کردن فرسایش آبی در بالادست و کاهش اثرهای فرسایش بادی در پایین­دست باید در این منبع متمرکز شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying and Quantifying the Terrestrial Sediment Source Contributions to Coastal Dunes for Targeting Wind Erosion Mitigation in Jagin watershed, Hormozgan Province, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ebrahim Jafari Takhtinajad 1
  • Hamid Gholami 2
  • Adrian Collins 3
  • Abolhassan Fathabadi 4
1 Ph.D., Student, Department of Natural Resources Engineering, University of Hormozgan, Bandar-Abbas, Hormozgan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Natural Resources Engineering, University of Hormozgan, Bandar-Abbas, Hormozgan, Iran
3 Full Professor, Department of Sustainable Agriculture Sciences, Rothamsted Research, North Wyke, Okehampton, Devon, EX20, 2SB, U.K.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Range and Watershed Management, University of Gonbad-e-Kavoos, Gonbad-e-Kavoos, Golestan, Iran
چکیده [English]

 A sediment fingerprinting method was applied to identify and quantify terrestrial sediment source contributions to coastal sand dunes at the outlet of the Jagin watershed, east of Jask, the Province of Hormozgan. Sampling comprised of 20 sediment samples from coastal sands and 62 samples from potential upstream terrestrial sources. Concentration of 49 geochemical elements in the sediment and source samples were measured using the ICP-OES technique. A three-stage statistical procedure was used to identify final composite fingerprints for source discrimination, and this comprised of a range test for tracer conservation, the Kruskal-Wallis H-test for confirming the discriminatory efficacy of the individual properties and the stepwise discriminant function analysis (DFA) for selecting a tracer shortlist (i.e., composite signature). The final composite fingerprint selected by the stepwise DFA comprised of Cu, Th, Be, Al, La, Mg and Fe. Using this signature, the overall average mean relative contributions from the Quaternary, Oligocene-Miocene, Miocene and Paleocene geological units were estimated at 5%, 5%, 10% and 80%, respectively. The Paleocene geological unit was identified as the dominant spatial source for 16 of the 20 sediment samples.  Therefore, wind erosion control for the benefit of coastal deserts, and especially the Makran region, needs to target upstream watersheds with the Paleocene outcrops. Overall, Paleocene age deposits (including multi-ophiolite sandstone, siltstone, mudstone, and minor conglomerate) was recognized as the main source for 16 sediment samples. Therefore, for controling water erosion in upstream and mitigating effects of wind erosion in downstream, management activities must focus on this source.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Coastal sands
  • composite fingerprint
  • fingerprinting
  • Jagin Watershed
  • sediment sources

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 30 مرداد 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 آذر 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 اسفند 1397

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