بررسی کارآیی ساختارهای مختلف مدل ترکیبی در روش انگشت‌نگاری رسوب برای تعیین سهم منابع مختلف رسوب ته‌نشین‌‌شده در مخزن سد خاکی لاور فین، استان هرمزگان

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته‌ی دکترای مهندسی آبخیزداری، گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

2 عضو هیات علمی گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

3 عضو هیات علمی گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد، ایران

4 استاد گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشگاه اکستر، اکستر، انگلستان

چکیده

برای مهارکردن فرسایش و کاهش‌دادن رسوب خروجی هر آبخیز باید قسمت‌هایی از آنکه سهم‌شان در رسوب خروجی بیش‌تر است شناسایی گشته، و اقدام‌های حفاظتی بر ‌آن‌ها متمرکز شود. یکی از متداول­ترین روش‌هایی که در سال‌های اخیر در تعیین سهم منابع مختلف به‌کار رفته روش انگشت‌نگاری است. تاکنون ساختارهای مختلفی از این روش داده شده که لازم است کارآیی آن­ها نسبت به یک‌دیگر مقایسه، تا ضعف‌ها و قوت‌های آن­ها شناسایی شود. برای کمّی‌کردن سهم منابع در تولید رسوب‌های ته­نشین‌شده در مخزن سد لاور فین در استان هرمزگان، کارآیی هشت مدل ترکیبی کولینز، هیوز، موتا، اسلاتری، لندور، لندور اصلاح‌شده، مدل بیزی با تبدیل CLR، مدل بیزی با توزیع دریکله بررسی و مقایسه گردیدند. پس از جمع­آوری اطلاعات اولیه و تهیه­ی نقشه‌های پایه در بازدید میدانی، 23 نمونه­ی سطحی از سه زیرحوضه و نه نمونه از رسوب‌های ته­نشین‌شده در مخزن سد جمع­آوری، و برای هر نمونه 56 ردیاب اندازه­گیری شد. ترکیب بهینه­ی ردیاب با استفاده از روش­های آماری شناسایی، و مدل‌های مختلف ترکیبی اجرا شدند. نتایج نشان دادند که چهار عنصر Mn، La، Nd وTh  ترکیب بهینه­ی ردیاب‌ها بود. نتایج مدل‌های ترکیبی نشان داد که در حالتی که اندازه‌ی ردیاب‌های نمونه‌های رسوب در دامنه­ی اندازه‌ی متوسط ردیاب‌های منابع باشد عمل‌کرد تمام مدل‌ها شبیه است. در حالتی که اندازه‌ی ردیاب‌های نمونه‌های رسوب خارج از اندازه‌ی متوسط ردیاب‌های منابع باشد، بسته به نوع تابع، بهینه‌سازی عمل‌کرد مدل‌های مختلف متفاوت، و عمل‌کرد مدل‌ها با تابع هدف مشابه یکسان بود، به­طوری که در این پژوهش مدل‌های کولینز با هیوز و بیزی با تبدیل CLR، موتا با اسلتری و لندور با لندور اصلاح‌شده شبیه عمل کردند. به­طور کلی، کارآیی مدل­های ترکیبی مختلف در انگشت­نگاری متفاوت است، و خروجی آن­ها به نوع تابع هدف، که در بهینه­سازی کمینه می­شود، بستگی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of the Applicability of the Mixing ModelsUsed in the Sediment Fingerprinting of Different SourcesDeposited in the Lavar Fin Reservoir, the Province of Hormozgan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samaneh Habibi 1
  • Hamid Gholami 2
  • Abolhassan Fathabadi 3
  • Desmond Walling 4
1 Ph.D. of Watershed Management, Department of Natural Resources Engineering, University of Hormozgan, Bandar-Abbas, Hormozgan, Iran
2 Department of Natural Resources Engineering, University of Hormozgan, Bandar-Abbas, Hormozgan, Iran
3 Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management Engineering, University of Gonbad, Gonbad, Iran
4 Professor of Physical Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
چکیده [English]

Identification of the erosion-pron parts of a watershed is of at most importance if the soil conservation activities are to be implemented on it to mitigate sedimentation into the flood-receiving reservoir. Sediment fingerprinting is one of the most common methods used for quantifying source contributions of the suspended load. As the mixing models with different structures of sediment fingerprinting method are implemented, their advantagesand disadvantages should be identified. The applicability of eight mixing models,namely: Collins, Hughes, Motha, Slattery, Landwher, Modified Landwher, and Bayesian with the CLR transformation and the Dirichlet distribution were investigated in order to quantify source contributions of sediment deposited in the Lavar Reservoir, the Province of Hormozgan. Twenty-three soil samples were collected from the contributing watersheds, 9 sediments samples were extracted from the reservoir, and concentration of 56 elements were measured in each of the samples. The optimum composite fingerprints were identified by statistical methods and the mixing models were executed. Based on the results, four geochemical properties,namely Mn, La, Nd and Th were selected as optimum fingerprints. The results obtained by all of the mixing models were similar when the values of tracer concentrations in the sediment samples fall inside of those ranges in the source samples. When the values of tracers in the sediment samples fall outside of those values in the source samples, the mixing models with the same objective functions presented similar results. The results of Collins̛, model were similar to those of Hughes, and the results of Bayesian models were similar to those of Hughes the with the CLR transformation;the results calculated by the Motha were similar to those presented by Slattery, and results of Landwher were similar to the modified Landwher. Generally, applicability of the various mixing models in fingerprinting are different, as their outputs are dependent on the target functions, which are minimized in optimization.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Discriminant function analysis
  • mixing model
  • optimum composite fingerprints
  • sediment sourcing

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 آبان 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 09 بهمن 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 اسفند 1397

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