مقایسه روش‌های مختلف برآوردکردن روان‌آب سطحی ماهانه مبتنی بر شماره‌ی منحنی ماهانه

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آبخیزداری، دانشکده‌ی مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 دانشیار، دانشکده مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

3 استادیار، دانشکده مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

4 استادیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد

چکیده

برآوردکردن دقیق روان‌آب سطحی آبخیزها برای مدیریت‌کردن منابع آب مهم است. با توجه به نقص‌داشتن اطلاعات و پایش‌نشدن روان‌آب سطحی در برخی منطقه‌ها، و خطای زیاد در آن، و نیازداشت نسبتا زیاد روش‌های برآوردکردن روان‌آب روزانه به داده، به روش‌های برآوردکردن روان‌آب ماهانه توجه شده است. در این پژوهش حالت‌های احتمالی متنوعی از ترکیب سه روش برآوردکردن روان‌آب سطحی ماهانه مبتنی بر شماره‌ی منحنی (روش سازمان حفاظت خاک (SCS) ماهانه، روش ضریب روان‌آب مبتنی بر SCS، و روش تلفیق شماره‌ی منحنی و ضریب روان‌آب) در آبخیز ارازکوسه در شرق استان گلستان بررسی و مقایسه شد. فراسنجه‌های ورودی این بررسی سه روش مختلف محاسبه‌ی شماره‌ی منحنی ماهانه (روش مبتنی بر شاخص سطح برگ، روش مبتنی بر توان نگه‌داشت و روش میانگین آبخیز با جدول‌های مرجع) بود. نتیجه‌ها نشان داد که روش برآوردکردن روان‌آب SCS ماهانه در ترکیب با همه‌ی روش‌های محاسبه‌ی شماره‌ی منحنی ماهانه، روان‌آب سطحی را با ضریب ناش-ساتکلیف بیش‌تر از 0/6 و انحراف کم‌تر از 0/3 به‌خوبی شبیه‌سازی می‌کند. درحالی‌که روش ضریب روان‌آب مبتنی بر SCS به‌ویژه زمانی که شماره‌ی منحنی متوسط ماهانه‌ی آبخیز فقط با مراجعه به جدول‌های مرجع محاسبه می‌شود، پاسخ مناسبی نمی­دهد (ضریب ناش-ساتکلیف منفی و انحراف بیش‌تر از 4). روش تلفیق شماره‌ی منحنی و ضریب روان‌آب برای همه‌ی روش‌های محاسبه‌ی شماره‌ی منحنی نتیجه‌هایی به‌نسبت پذیرفتنی را با ضریب ناش-ساتکلیف حدود 0/6 در دوره‌ی واسنجی نشان داد؛ اما در دوره‌ی اعتبارسنجی، اطمینان‌ نتیجه‌های آن در ترکیب با برخی از روش‌های محاسبه‌ی شماره‌ی منحنی ماهانه کم‌تر بود. در این پژوهش روش SCS ماهانه روش مناسب و پایدار برای آبخیز ارازکوسه دانسته شد، که می‌تواند در محاسبه‌های ترازنامه‌ی آب ماهانه‌ی آبخیزهای مشابه در منطقه به‌کار رود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Different Methods in Monthly Surface Runoff Estimation Based on the Monthly Curve Number

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Parisay 1
  • Vahedberdi Sheikh 2
  • Abdolreza Bahreman 2
  • Komaki ChooghiBairam 3
  • Khodayar Abdollahi 4
1 Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Watershed Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran
2 Associate Professor of Faculty of Watershed Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Faculty of Watershed Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran
4 Assistant Professor of Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Iran
چکیده [English]

It is a matter of utmost importance to estimate accurately watersheds’ surface runoff in order to manage a region's water resources. Due to the inadequacy and lack of surface runoff monitoring in some watersheds, as well as high error and relatively high data demand of the daily runoff estimation methods, it is necessary to rely on the monthly runoff estimation methods. Different scenarios of combining monthly surface runoff estimation methods (the monthly SCS method, SCS-based runoff coefficient, the integrated curve number (CN), and the runoff coefficient method) with three methods of calculating monthly curve number (based on the leaf area index, on the retention potential, and on the average CN-based reference tables) as input parameters for the surface runoff estimation methods. These estimations were applied and compared across the Araz-Kouseh Watershed, east of the Province of Golestan. Results indicated that the monthly SCS method in combination with all methods of monthly CN has appropriately simulated the surface runoff with the Nash-Sutcliffe (NS) coefficient and bias values of higher than 0.6 and lower than 0.3, respectively. While the SCS-based runoff coefficient method performed poorly (with negative NS values and bias values above 4), particularly in combination with the average CN estimation based on the reference table. The integrated method of curve number and runoff coefficient in combination with all methods of monthly CN estimation indicated relatively acceptable results (with the NS values of about 0.6) during the calibration period; however, for the validation period, the results in combination with some monthly CN calculation methods were less reliable. Therefore, the monthly SCS method was selected as a suitable and robust method for the monthly surface runoff simulation of the Araz-Kouseh Watershed; thus it may be recommended for estimation of the water balance in similar watersheds in the region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Araz-Kouseh Watershed
  • CN
  • monthly direct runoff
  • monthly runoff coefficient
  • SCS

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 13 اردیبهشت 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 خرداد 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 28 خرداد 1398

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