دیدگاه های متفاوت از مانع‌های مشارکت مردم در طرح های آبخیزداری در جنوب آراد، شهرستان ری

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

شناخت مانع‌های تحقق مشارکت پایدار مردمی، برطرف‌کردن دشواری‌ها و اجراکردن مشارکتی طرح­های آبخیزداری نقش مهمی در اثربخشی بیش‌تر طرح‌های آبخیزداری و کاهش هزینه­های آن دارد. منطقه‌ی طرح جنوب آراد در شهرستان ری، استان تهران، از منطقه‌هایی است که پیشنهادهای کارکردی حاصل از مرحله‌ی پژوهش‌های تفصیلی-اجرایی آبخیزداری را اجرایی کرده است. عامل‌های متعددی ممکن است بر تحقق‌نیافتن مشارکت مردمی در طرح‌های آبخیزداری اثر داشته باشد. این عامل‌ها مبتنی بر پژوهش‌های کتابخانه­یی، پرسش از کارشناسان، و مصاحبه‌ی حضوری با ساکنان و بهره‌برداران منطقه در چهار شاخص و 11 زیرشاخص شناسایی شد، و روایی آن به تایید خبرگان رسید. عامل‌ها با روش­های فرآیند تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی فازی و آزمون­ نافراسنجه‌یی فریدمن، با دیدگاه کارگروه خبرگان (28 کارشناس) و دیدگاه مردمی، براساس حجم نمونه از رابطه‌ی کوکران (220 نفر) اولویت­بندی کرده‌شد. برای بررسی توافق دو دیدگاه در میزان اهمیت گویه­ها آزمون کولموگروف-اسمیرنف دو نمونه­یی به‌کار برده‌شد. دامنه‌ی تغییر نسبت سازگاری قضاوت­ها و آماره‌ی آلفای کرونباخ به‌ترتیب از 0/035 تا 0/079 و 0/710 تا 0/815 متغیر بود. شاخص­ها و زیرشاخص­های موثر در نبود مشارکت مردمی از دیدگاه خبرگان و ساکنان محلی به‌ترتیب اهمیت تعیین، و توافق دیدگاه­ها مشخص کرده‌شد. پیشنهاد می­شود راه‌کارهای برداشته‌شدن مانع‌های مشارکت مردمی به‌دلیل اولویت­­های داده‌شده در این تحقیق، در پژوهش‌های تفصیلی-اجرایی آینده‌ی آبخیزداری در منطقه در نظر گرفته‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Perspectives on Barriers to Peoples Participation in Watershed Management Plans in South of Arad, the Ray County

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amin Salehpour Jam 1
  • Jamal Mosaffaie 1
  • Mahmoud Reza Tabatabaei 2
1 Assistant Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Understanding the barriers in achieving people¢s persistent participation, resolving problems and participating in watershed management plans have an important role to play in increasing the effectiveness of the watershed management plans and reducing the related costs. Arad district is located in Ray County, the Province of Tehran, and is one of such areas where has been implemented the operational proposals from detailed studies of watershed management implemented. Several factors may contribute to a lack of people¢s participation in watershed management plans. These factors were identified by experts based on desk studies, queries from experts, as well as face-to-face interviews with residents of the area as four indicators and 11 sub-indicators, whereby their validity were confirmed by experts. These indicators were prioritized based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method as well as the Friedman nonparametric test based on the expert group (28 experts) and the residents based on the sample size derived from Cochrane's formula (220 locals). The two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was also used to examine the agreement of the two views on the importance of the items. The range of consistency ratio of judgments and Cronbach's alpha varied from 0.035 to 0.079 and 0.710 to 0.815, respectively. Accordingly, the priority of effective indicators and sub-indicators on a lack of people participation from the viewpoint of expert and residents from the importance of high to low were determined and an agreement of the views was established. It is suggested that the solutions to remove the barriers of participation, be considered in the future detailed studies of watershed management in the study area based on the priorities presented in this investigation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Centralized decision-making power
  • economic incentive
  • non-governmental organizations
  • people's trust
  • prioritization
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