پاسخ ترکیب، تنوع و گروه‌های کارکردی بانک بذر خاک به کنش‌های اصلاحی پخش‌سیلاب در ایستگاه آبخوان داری کوثر، استان فارس

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری علوم مرتع، دانشکده‌ی منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران

2 استادیار گروه جنگل، مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده‌ی کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه یاسوج، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد جنگلداری، گروه جنگل، مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده‌ی کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه یاسوج، ایران

4 مربی پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

پخش­سیلاب نقش مؤثری در احیا و تقویت‌کردن پوشش گیاهی، بهبود حاصل‌خیزی خاک، تغذیه­ی آب‌های زیرزمینی و مهارکردن بیابان­زایی دارد. در این پژوهش اثرهای پخش­سیلاب بر ترکیب و تنوع گونه‌یی بانک بذر خاک در دشت گربایگان فسا بررسی شد. بانک بذر خاک در منطقه‌های پخش­سیلاب، پخش­سیلاب همراه با آتریپلکس‌کاری، و منطقه‌ی شاهد (بی پخش‌سیلاب) بررسی شد. بانک بذر خاک در ژرفای صفر تا 10 سانتی‌متری قبل از آغاز رویش بذر‌های موجود در خاک در آذر 1396 نمونه‌گیری، و ترکیب آن با روش جوانه‌زنی در گلخانه تعیین کرده شد. نتیجه‌ نشان داد که از 42 گونه‌ی گیاهی شناسایی‌شده در بانک بذر خاک، به‌ترتیب 40، 40 و 24 گونه در سه منطقه‌ی پخش­سیلاب، پخش­سیلاب همراه با آتریپلکس‌کاری، و منطقه‌ی شاهد بود. بیش‌ترین مقدار شاخص‌های تنوع و غنای گونه‌یی در منطقه‌ی پخش­سیلاب بود. تحلیل افزونگی نشان داد که ترکیب گونه‌یی و گروه‌های کارکردی بانک بذر خاک عرصه، در تاثیر پخش­سیلاب و بوته‌کاری با گونه‌ی آتریپلکس (Atriplex lentiformis(Torr) S. Watson) است. به‌طور کلی نتیجه‌ی به‌دست‌آمده از این پژوهش نشان داد که بعد از گذشت حدود 35 سال از اجرای پخش­سیلاب در منطقه، تاثیرهای مثبت آن بر شاخص‌های ترکیب، تنوع و گروه‌های کارکردی بانک بذر خاک کاملا مشهود است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Response of Composition, Diversity and Functional Groups of Soil Seed Bank under Corrective Practices of Floodwater Spreading in the Kowsar Aquifer Management Station, The Province of Fars

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parviz Gholami 1
  • Sohrab Alvaninejad 2
  • Narjes Esfandiari 3
  • Seyed Hamid Mesbah 4
1 PhD of Rangeland Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Forestry, Rangeland and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Yasuj University, Iran
3 M.S. of Forestry, Department of Forestry, Rangeland and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Yasuj University, Iran
4 Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Floodwater spreading plays an important role in restoring and enhancing the vegetative cover, improving soil fertility, groundwater recharge and desertification control. These have been achieved in some of the arid and semi-arid regions of Iran. Flood water spreading as a corrective measure, in soil seed bank composition and diversity was assessed in the Gareh Bygon Plain, Fasa, the province of Fars. Soil seed bank was evaluated in the water-spreading tracts, water-spreaders planted with Atriplex lentiformis harvesting and the control area (without water-spreading). Sampling of soil seed bank was carried out at a 0-10 cm depth prior to the initiation of seed growth in December 2017, and the composition of the soil seed bank was determined by the germination method in the greenhouse. The results indicated that from 42 species identified in the soil seed bank, 40, 40 and 24 species were present in the three areas. Water- spreaders, water-spreaders planted with Atriplex lentiformis harvesting and the control tracts, respectively. The highest species diversity and richness indices were obtained in the area under water-spreading. The RDA analysis showed that the species composition and functional groups of soil seed bank of the study area were affected by flood water spreading practices and Atriplex lentiformis harvesting planting. Furthermore, the soil seed bank density of plant functional groups was affected by water-spreading. The results indicated that 35 years of floodwater spreading has positively affected the composition, diversity and functional groups indices of the soil seed bank.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biodiversity indicators
  • ecological restoration
  • Gareh Bygone Plain
  • runoff collection
  • Soil seed bank

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 19 بهمن 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 07 اردیبهشت 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 10 خرداد 1399

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