شبیه سازی بارش-روان‌آب با نرم افزار eWater Source در آبخیز چهل چای، استان گلستان

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار مجتمع آموزش عالی شیروان

2 دانش‌آموخته‌ی دکترای علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

به­دلیل ناهمگنی آبخیزها و نا­خطی بودن رفتارهای آب­شناسی و فرسایشی، شناخت کامل رابطه‌های آن­ها بسیار پیچیده و مشکل است. بنابراین در ارزیابی و بررسی کردن این سامانه­ها، نیاز به فرآیند شبیه­سازی است. در این پژوهش برای شبیه­سازی کردن روان‌آب آبخیز چهل­چای (256 کیلومترمربع) در استان گلستان، دو نرم­افزار بارش روان‌آب GR4J و IHACRES در eWater Source با هم مقایسه شد. برای شبیه­سازی بارش-روان‌آب ­آبخیز چهل­چای موقعیت آبخیز با نرم­افزار رقومی ارتفاع (DEM)، موقعیت زیرحوزه­ها، ایستگاه­ها، و خروجی آبخیز، واحدهای عملیاتی (بر اساس نقشه‌ی کاربری زمین) و شبکه‌ی آب‌راه آبخیز در محیط Source شبیه‌سازی کرده شد. نرم­افزار­های GR4J و IHACRES در محیط Source به‌کار گرفته شد. داده­های مجموعه‌ی زمانی پیوسته در گام زمانی روزانه در نظر گرفته شد. برای اجرای نرم­افزار­ها مجموعه‌ی زمانی بارش روزانه‌ی سال­های 1380 تا 1389 و تبخیر و تعرق سال­های 1380 تا 1389 از ایستگاه لزوره به‌کار گرفته شد. این نرم­افزار­ها در محیط eWater Source اجرا کرده شد. داده­های مشاهده‌یی آب‌دهی جریان (1380 تا 1389)، ایستگاه آب­سنجی لزوره برای واسنجی نرم­افزارها به‌کار گرفته شد. نتیجه‌ی ارزیابی نرم­افزار­های GR4J و IHACRES دقت شبیه­سازی جریان را بر اساس معیار نش- ساتکلیف به‌ترتیب 0/79 و 0/73 در دوره‌ی واسنجی (1380-1389) و 0/76 و 0/68 در دوره‌ی اعتبارسنجی (1389-1394) نشان می­دهد. بنابراین می­توان نتیجه گرفت که کارآیی این نرم­افزار­ها در شبیه­سازی جریان خوب است. نتیجه‌ی ارزیابی نشان­دهنده­ی کارآیی بهتر نرم­افزار GR4J از IHACRES در شبیه­سازی جریان روزانه است. بر پایه‌ی توانمندی‌­های زیاد نرم‌افزار eWater Source، این محیط ابزار شبیه­سازی مدیریتی مناسبی برای آبخیز دانسته می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Rainfall-Runoff Modeling Using the eWater Source in the Chel-Chay Watershed, the Province of Golestan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Teimouri 1
  • Ehsan Alvandi 2
1 Assistant professor Higher Education Complex of Shirvan, Khorsasn Shomali, Shirvan, Iran
2 Ph.D. Graduate in Watershed Management Sciences and Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Golestan, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

It is very complex and difficult to fully understand the relationships in watersheds due to the heterogeneity and non-linear nature of hydrological and erosive behaviors. Therefore, the evaluation of watersheds requires a modeling process. After introducing the features of the eWater Source software as a management modeling environment for watersheds, two rainfall-runoff models of the GR4J and the IHACRES were compared to simulate the runoff of the Chel-Chay Watershed in the eWater Source environment. Chel-Chay Watershed, with an area of 256 square kilometers is located in Province of Golestan. In order to simulate the rainfall -runoff, the position of the watershed, sub-watersheds, stations, watershed outlet, operational units (based on land use map) and the watershed waterway network was simulated using the digital height model (DEM) in the Source environment. The GR4J and the IHACRES models were used. In this rainfall -runoff models, the continuous time series data were considered in the daily time steps. The time series of the daily precipitation of the years (2001 to 2010), and the daily evaporation and transpiration (during the same period) were used to implement the models. The models were implemented in the eWater Source environment. The discharge data for the period (2001-2010) were used to calibrate the models. The accuracy of the flow simulation based on the Nash-Sutcliffe criterion for the GR4J and the IHACRES models in the calibration period (2001-2010) were 0.79 and 0.73, and in the validation period (2011-2015) were 0.76 and 0.68, respectively. Therefore, it may be concluded that these models performed well in the simulation. The evaluation of results indicates that the GR4J model performs better than the IHACRES model for simulating the daily flow. Due to the high capabilities of the eWater Source software, this environment is recommended as a management model for the discharge of watersheds.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • GR4J model
  • IHACRES model
  • rain-runoff
  • the eWater Source software
  • the Gorganroud River

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 14 اردیبهشت 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 30 تیر 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 30 شهریور 1399

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