ارزیابی پایداری آبخیز بختگان با کاربرد مدل اچ‌ای‌ال‌پی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای بیابان‌زدایی، دانشکده کویرشناسی، دانشگاه سمنان

2 عضو هیات علمی دانشکده کویرشناسی، دانشگاه سمنان

3 عضو هیأت علمی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان

چکیده

آبخیزهای سالم خدمت‌های بوم‌سامانه‌یی بسیاری در زمینه‌های مختلف مانند مسایل اجتماعی و رفاه اقتصادی می‌دهند، بنابراین باید روش‌هایی توسعه داد که بتوان بر اساس آن‌ها درجه‌ی سلامت و تراز پایداری آبخیزها را معلوم کرد. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی پایداری آبخیز بختگان بر اساس مدل اچ‌ای‌ال‌پی در دوره‌ی ده‌ساله‌ی 1395-1385 است. این مدل بر اساس چهار جنبه‌ی آب‌شناسی (کمّی و کیفی)، محیط‌زیست، حیات آبخیزنشینان، و سیاست‌گزاری، و سه سنجه‌ی‌ فشار، وضعیت، و واکنش شاخص پایداری آبخیز، پایداری آبخیز را در سه تراز کم، متوسط و زیاد بررسی می‌کند. نتیجه نشان داد که سنجه‌ی‌ فشار با امتیاز 0/75 و واکنش با امتیاز 0/45 به‌ترتیب بیش‌ترین و کم‌ترین امتیاز را برای ارزیابی پایداری آبخیز بختگان گرفت، که نشان‌دهنده‌ی واکنش مناسب برای کاستن از فشار واردشده بر بوم‌سامانه است. زیرشاخص‌های آب‌شناسی کمّی با امتیاز 0/25 و محیط‌زیست با امتیاز 1 بیش‌ترین و کم‌ترین اولویت را برای مدیریت آبخیز (به‌خصوص مدیریت و حفاظت از منابع آبی) داشت. تراز پایداری آبخیز با امتیاز 0/61 متوسط رو به کم ارزیابی شد، که نیاز به توجه بیش‌تر را برای افزایش‌دادن تراز پایداری منطقه نشان می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

An Evaluation of the Bakhtegan Watershed Sustainability Using the HELP Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamed Kheirandish 1
  • Ahmad Sadeghipour 2
  • Hananeh Mohammadi Kangarani 3
1 PhD student in Desertification, Faculty of Desertology, Semnan University
2 Faculty of Desertology, Semnan University
3 Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan
چکیده [English]

Healthily watersheds provide many ecosystem services in various fields, such as social and economic well-being; Therefore, we need to develop methods that can be used to determine the levels of health and sustainability of watersheds. The aim of this research was an evaluation of the sustainability of the Bakhtegan Watershed servicer using the watershed sustainability index (WSI) in a ten year periods of (2006 to 2016). The UNESCO – HELP demonstration has proposed an integrated watershed sustainability index (WSI), based on four criteria of hydrologic (quantity and quality), environmental, life, water policy issues and three parameters of pressure, status and, the response was used in order to achieve low, medium, and high levels of the basin¢s sustainability of services. The results showed that the pressure parameter with a score of 0.75 and the response parameter with the score of 0.45 had the highest and lowest scores for an assessment of the watershed¢s sustainability of services. Furthermore, the results showed that the criterion of quantity hydrological with a score of 0.25 and the environmental quality with a score of 1 offer the most and least priorities for its management. The value obtained for the WSI was 0.61, which represents an intermediate level of basin¢s sustainability of services, thus points to the need for more attention to the region's sustainability level.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bakhtegan
  • environment indicator
  • life indicator
  • hydrology indicator
  • sustainability

مراجع

Asadi Nalivan O, Mohseni Saravi M, Zahedi Amiri GA, Nazari Samani AA. 2015. Comparison of Two Methods of IUCN and Watershed Range and Forest Management in Assessing Watershed Sustainability (Case study: Talleghan-Zeidasht). Journal of Watershed Management Research, 6(11): 73–89. (In Persian).
Asadi Nalivan O, Nazari Samani A A, Mohseni Saravi M, Zahedi Amiri G A. 2013. Determination and Assessment the sustainability criteria and indices in Taleghan Catchment- Zeidasht1. journal of Town and Country Planning, 5(1): 133–154. (In Persian).
Asadi Nalivan O. 2012. Determination the sustainability criteria and indices with IUCN method. MSC. Thesis. Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Tehran University, 105 p. (In Persian).
Calizaya A, Chaves H, Bengtsson L, Berndtsson R. 2008. Application of the WSI to the Lake Poopo Watershed, Bolivia, Hydrology Journal, 24 (10): 2267–2289.
Catano N, Marchand M, Staley S, Wang Y. 2009. Development and Validation of the Watershed Sustainability Index for the Watershed of the REVENTAZÓN River, Report Prepared for the Omission for the Preservation and Management of the Watershed of the Reventazón River, Costa Rica, pp. 4–31.
Chaves H, Alipaz S. 2007. Integrate Basin Hydrologt, Environment, Life and Policy the Watershed Sustainability Index, Water Ressource Management, 21(5): 883–895.
Cortes AE, Oyarzun R, Kretschmer N, Chaves H, Soto G, Soto M, Amezago J, Oyarzu J, Rotting T, Senoret M, Maturana H. 2012. Application of the watershed sustainability index to the Elqui River Basin North- Central Chlie. ObrasProyectos, pp. 57–69.
Falkenmark B. 1986. Fresh water-time for a modified approach. AMBIO. 15(4): 192–200.
Hafezparast M, Fatemi SE. 2016. Calculating sustainability indices of water and basin to maintain sustainability development (Case study: Gamasiab Basin Watershed). Journal of Geography and sustainability of Environment,  6 (18): 21–33. (In Persian).
Harris MJ. 2000. Basic principles of sustainable development global development and environment institute. Tufts University Medford MA 02155, USA. 26 p.
Hazbavi Z, Sadeghi SHR. 2017. Watershed health (Part three): Vigor, organization and resilience conceptual model. Journal of Extension and Development of  Watershed Management, 5(16): 21–33. (In Persian).
Kazemi M, Kamali E. 2018.  Watershed sustainability assessment based on HELP model (Case study: Behesht Gomshodeh Watershed, Fars Province). Journal of Extension and Development of Watershed Management. 22(6): 6–13. (In Persian).
McLaren RA, Simonovic SP. 1999. Evaluating sustainability criteria for water resources decision making assiniboine delta case study. Canadian Water Resources Journal, 24 (2): 147–163.
Mehri R. 2013. Development and application of WSI sustainability index (WSI) for Chehel-Chai Watershed, Golestan Province, Master's thesis for Watershed Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources,130 p. (In Persian).
Mohamadi T,  Dastorani MT. 2017. The evaluation of the sustainability of watershed using watershed sustainability index. Journal of Hydrogeomorphplogy, pp. 41–64. (In Persian).
Neisi AA. 2011. Survey on the human development index in the provinces of Iran. Jundishapur Journal of Health Sciences,  2( 2): 55–63. (In Persian).
Nyerges T. 2002. Linked visualizations in sustainability modeling: an approach using participatory جی آی اس for decision support. Assoc Am Geog Illust, Los Angeles, CA, 18 p.
RFWO. Range, Forest and Watershed Organization of Iran. 2010.
Remedio EM, Bensel TG. 2003. Socio-economic and environmental impacts of wood fuel consumption and production in South Asia, 54 p.
Sullivan C. 2002. Calculating a water poverty index. World Development, 30 (7): 1195–1210.
Statistical Center of Iran. 2017. www.amar.org.ir
UNDP (United Nations Development Programme). 2011. The HDI 2010: New Controversies, Old Critiques, 49 p.
UNESCO Institute for Statistics. 2011. School- Life Expectancy, 251p.
UNESCO. 2005. Hydrology for the environment, Life and Policy HELP. Paris, 20 p.
Viessmann W. 1990. Water management issues for the nineties. Water Resour Bull, 26(6): 886–891.
Word Bank. 2003.Water resources management strategies in Brazil. Cooperation Areas with the World Bank, JosELobato Costa (Ed.). Brasilia, 177 p.
www.amar.org.ir , Areas Accounts (2017). (In Persian).https://www.amar.org.ir/english/Statistics-byTopic/National-accounts. (In Persian).
Yilmaz B, Harmancioglu N. 2010. An indicator based assessment for water resources management in Gediz River Basin Turkey. Water Resources Management, 24 (15): 4359–4379.

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 06 خرداد 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 مرداد 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 30 شهریور 1399

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار