ارزیابی تغییر کاربری زمین با سنجش ازدور در سه دوره‌ی زمانی در آبخیز آبشوران کرمانشاه

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم و مهندسی آبخیز، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

2 استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی آبخیز، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

3 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی آبخیز، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

4 استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

یکی از چالش‌ها و موضوع‌های مهم در برنامه‌های آمایش سرزمین، رشد ساختاری شهرها در جهت‌های مختلف در گذر زمان است. تبدیل‌کردن آبخیز‌های برون‌‌شهری به شهری، منجر به پیداشدن چالش‌ها و دشواری‌های زیست‌محیطی در شهر شده است. مدیریت شهری نیازمند اطلاعات دقیق فضایی در زمان­های متوالی است. فن‌آوری سنجش‌ازدور ممکن است کمک مهمی به شناسایی و یافتن تغییر کاربری زمین‌ها کند. هدف این پژوهش آشکارساختن تغییر کاربری زمین‌ها با به‌کاربردن تصویرهای سال 1370 و 1380 سنجنده‌ی تی‌ام ماهواره‌ی لندست 5 و تصویرهای 1397 سنجنده‌ی او ال آی ماهواره‌ی لندست 8 در دوره‌‎ی زمانی 27 ساله در آبخیز آبشوران کرمانشاه است. پس از کارهای مرحله‌ی پیش‌پردازش، نقشه‌ی آشکارسازی تغییر با طبقه‌بندی نظارت‌شده در نرم‌افزار اِنوی 5.3  با دقت پذیرفتنی تهیه ‌شد. نتیجه‌ها نشان می‌دهد که در سال‌های 1370 تا 1397 نزدیک به 1/17 % از زمین‌های مرتعی و کشاورزی کم شد، و مساحت زمین‌های شهری و مسکونی از 5/92 % به 17/19% از کل رسید. بیش‌ترین تغییر کاربری در زمین‌های شهری و مسکونی بود. این روی‌داد ممکن است با افزایش‌دادن سطح‌های نفوذ‌ناپذیر، علاوه بر اثرهای منفی بر منابع طبیعی، سبب افزایش‌یافتن آسیب‌های طبیعی مانند سیل شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

An Assessment of Land use Changes Employing the Remote Sensing Techniques during Three Temporal Periods on the Abshoran Watershed, Kermanshah

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzaneh Vakili Tajareh 1
  • Ali Salajegheh 2
  • Ali Akbar Nazari Samani 3
  • Arash Malekian 3
  • Khosrow Shahbazi 4
1 Ph.D. Student in Watershed Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran
2 Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran
4 Assistant Professor, Desert Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the important challenges and issues in land management programs is that of physical growth of cities in different directions over time. The transformation of non-urban watersheds into urban ones has led to some environmental challenges and problems. An overall management plan needs accurate spatial information at consecutive times. Remote sensing technology offers great help in identifying and detecting land use changes. The aim of this study was to detect land use changes using images collected from 1991 and 2001 Landsat 5 satellite¢s TM sensor and 2018 images provided by the Landsat 8 satellite¢s OLI sensor over a period of 27 years on Abshuran Watershed, the Kermanshah. Following the required procedures in the preprocessing stage, a change detection map was prepared with an acceptable accuracy with supervised classification in the ENVI5.3 software environment. The results indicated that during the 2001-2018 periods, about 1.17 % of the share of the rangeland and farmland decreased and that the urban and residential lands increased from 5.92 % to 17.19 % of the total area. Most of the land use change has occurred in the urban and residential areas, thus an increase in the impermeable areas causes an increase in natural disasters such as flooding in addition to some negative effects on natural resources.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Landsat
  • land-use change
  • monitored classification
  • remote sensing
  • satellite images
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