تعیین توان منبع‌های آب زیرزمینی دشت ارومیه با سنجه‌ ها و شاخص‌های ریخت‌سنجی زمین

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای مدیریت حوزه های آبخیز، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

تحلیل­های ریخت‌سنجی زمین نقش مهمی در شناخت شرایط زمین­‌آب‌شناسی آبخیز­ها مانند توان­یابی و مدیریت منبع‌های آب زیرزمینی دارد. برای ترسیم شبکه‌ی زه‌کشی در چهار زیرحوزه‌ی دریاچه‌ی ارومیه مدل رقومی ارتفاع آب­شناختی تهیه‌ شد. سنجه‌های ریخت‌سنجی خطی، سطحی و پستی‌بلندی برای اولویت­بندی توان منبع آب زیرزمینی زیرحوزه­ ها محاسبه شد. مقدار میانگین به‌‌دست آمده از رتبه‌ی سنجه ­ها در هر زیرحوزه نزدیک به‌ هم، و اولویت زیرحوزه ­ها به‌‌ترتیب نازلو­چای، باراندوزچای، شهر­چای و روضه ­چای به‌دست آمد. شاخص ­های ریخت‌سنجی موقعیت پستی‌بلندی، شاخص ناهمواری زمین، قدرت بردار، انحنای سطح و نسبت سطح برای تهیه‌ی نقشه‌ی ارزش مکانی منبع آب زیرزمینی  بررسی شد و هر یک از نقشه‌ها با اندازه‌ی یاخته‌ی یکسان در هفت طبقه تهیه و طبقه‌بندی شد. نقشه‌ی شاخص ­های ریخت‌سنجی با وزن­ های یکسان  ترکیب شد. نقشه‌ی منطقه‌های توان‌دار آب زیرزمینی با ارزش 2/2 تا 5 به دست آمد. بیش‌ترین ارزش در نقشه‌ی ارزش مکانی منبع آب زیرزمینی در نقطه ­هایی بود که کم‌ترین TPI، کم‌ترین TRI، بیش‌ترین VRM، کم‌ترین انحنای سطح، و بیش‌ترین نسبت سطح را داشت. نتیجه‌ی به‌دست آمده با بررسی محل چشمه­ های طبیعی و چاه­ های بهره‌برداری منطقه تأیید شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of the Potential of Groundwater Resources in the Urmia Plain Using the Morphometric Parameters and Indices

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samaneh Dadafarid 1
  • Habib Nazarnejad 2
  • Amin Khosravi 1
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

Morphometric analyses play an important role in understanding the geo-hydrological conditions of basins such as identification of the and potential management of groundwater resources. A hydrological DEM was prepared to draw the drainage network in four sub-basins of Lake Urmia. Linear, surface, and topographic morphometric parameters were calculated to prioritize the potential of groundwater resources in the sub-basins. The mean values obtained from the rank of the parameters in each sub-basin were close and the sub-basins were prioritized as Nazluchai, Baranduzchai, Shaharchai, and Rouzehchai, respectively. Furthermore, the morphometric indices of TPI, TRI, VRM, surface curvature, and surface ratio were studied to prepare the spatial value map of the groundwater resources. Each map was prepared and classified with the same cell size in seven classes and the morphometric index map was combined with the same weights. The map of potential groundwater areas under the study area was obtained with values of 2.2 to 5.0. The highest value in the map of the spatial value of groundwater resources belonged to the pixels that had the lowest TPI, the lowest TRI, the highest VRM, the lowest surface curvature, and the highest surface ratio. The findings were confirmed by examining the location of springs and yielding wells in the study area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Groundwater
  • Morphometric indices
  • Morphometric parameters
  • Prioritization
  • Spatial value
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