تحلیل مکانی زمین لغزش در ارتباط با زمین ساخت فعال بر مبنای شاخص‌های ریخت‌زمین‌ساخت در آبخیز رود خیرآباد

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسنده

دکترای ژئومورفولوژی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

فعالیت‌های نوزمین‌ساخت نقش مهمی در افزایش روی‌داد زمین‌لغزش دارد. این پژوهش برای بررسی ارتباط و اندازه‌ی تأثیرپذیری رخ‌داد زمین‌لغزش از زمین‌ساخت فعال در آبخیز رود خیرآباد انجام شد. فعالیت نوزمین‌ساخت در چهار زیرحوزه‌ی این رود بر پایه‌ی شش شاخص ریخت‌زمین‌ساخت (مورفوتکتونیک) V/A، Bh، P، Br، Ff و Tf محاسبه شد. این شاخص‌ها در هر زیرحوزه با نرم‌افزار آرک جی‌آی‌اس و مدل رقومی ارتفاعی (DEM10M) و افزونه‌ی Archydro به‌دست آمد. هر شاخص از دیدگاه فعالیت زمین‌ساختی به سه رده تقسیم شد، و برپایه‌ی تقسیم‌بندی هر شاخص، تراز فعالیت زمین‌ساختی کل بر پایه‌ی شاخص زمین‌ساخت فعال نسبی (Iat) منطقه تعیین شد. فعالیت نوزمین‌ساخت در زیرحوزه‌ی شاه‌بهرام خیلی‌زیاد، در زیرحوزه‌های دهدشت و سرپری زیاد، و در زیرحوزه‌ی خیرآباد کم‌ بود. با روی‌هم‌گذاشتن نقشه‌ی پراکنش زمین‌لغزش با نقشه‌ی پهنه‌بندی زمین‌ساخت فعال، درصد تراکم زمین‌لغزش در پهنه‌های گوناگون زمین‌ساختی، و نقش زمین‌ساخت فعال در رخ‌داد زمین‌لغزش آشکار شد. نتیجه نشان داد که 587/75 هکتار از پهنه‌ی زمین‌لغزش‌ها در محدوده‌ی با فعالیت زمین‌ساختی خیلی‌زیاد (33/13% از پهنه‌ی کل حوزه) بود. بر همین پایه 199/09 هکتار از وسعت زمین‌لغزش‌ها در محدوده‌ی با فعالیت زمین‌ساخت زیاد و کم‌ (بیش از 66% از کل حوزه) روی داده‌است. این پراکنش نشان‌دهنده‌ی وابستگی رخ داد زمین‌لغزش به زمین‌ساخت فعال و نقش زمین‌ساخت فعال در روی‌داد زمین‌لغزش است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial Analysis of Landslides in Relation to Active Tectonics Based on Morphotectonic Indices in Kheirabad River Basin

نویسنده [English]

  • Hamid Babolimoakher
Ph.D. of Geomorphology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Neotectonic activity plays an important role in increasing the occurrence of landslides. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship and the extent of landslide occurrence from active tectonics in the Kheirabad River Basin River. For this purpose, neotectonic activity in four sub-basins of this river and based on six morphotectonic indicators; V/A, Bh, P, BR, Ff, and Tf were calculated. The mentioned indices were extracted in each sub-basin using Arc GIS 10.4 software and digital elevation model (DEM 10 M) as well as the Archydro plugin. Each index was divided into three categories in terms of tectonic activity, and finally, based on the segmentation of each index, the level of tectonic activity of the region was determined on the basis of the index of relative tectonic activity index (Iat). And the area of the study was divided into 3 categories. The results showed that neotectonic activity is very high in Shahbahram sub-basin and high tectonic activity in Dehdasht and Sarpari sub-basins and low tectonic activity in Kheirabad sub-basin., Finally, by cross overlaying of the landslide inventory map to the relatively active tectonic zonation map, the percentage of landslides that occurred in each tectonic region and the role of active tectonics in landslide occurrence was determined. The results showed that 74.69% (587.75 ha) of landslides occurred in the area with high tectonic activity, which covers only 33.11% of the total area of the study basin. Accordingly, 199.09 hectares of landslides occurred in areas with moderate and low tectonic activity, which constitutes more than 66/89% of the total basin. This distribution indicates the dependence of the landslide occurring with active tectonics, in other words, the role of active tectonics in the occurrence of landslides.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Active tectonics
  • geomorphic hazards
  • Kheirabad river basin
  • landslide
  • morphotectonic indices
Andreyani L, Stanek KP, Gloaguen R, Krentz O, Domínguez  LG. 2014. DEM-Based analysis of interactions between tectonics and landscapes in the ore mountains and egger rift (East Germany and NW Czech republic), Remote Sensing, 6(9): 7971–8001.
Afshari A, Ghahroudi M, Sadough H, Ehteshami M, Moinabadi M. 2019. Application of morphotectonic indices in landslide hazard analysis in Lorestan railway, Natural hazard management (former hazard knowledge), 6(1): 66–51. (In Persian).
Babaei Sh, Dehbzorgi M, Hakimi asyabar S, Hoseyniasl A. 2017. Investigation of active tectonics using geomorphological indicators in Central Alborz, Quantitative Geomorphological Research, 6(1): 56–40. (In Persian).
Baharvand S, Soori S, RahnamaRad  J, Joudaki M. 2018. Tectonic activity analysis and relation with lineaments and the risk of landslide (A case study: Vark Basin, Lorestan). Journal of Engineering Geology, 12 (2): 237–258. (In Persian).
Bahrami Sh, Shayan S. 2013. Investigation of the effect of tectonics on the morphometric features of the drainage network and the triangular surfaces of the dry-bottom anticline, Quarterly Journal of Geographical Research, 28)3(: 197–210. (In persian).
Barjesteh A. 2005. Investigation of the relationship between hydrographic network and fracture system in Gachsaran Formation in Ramhormoz Region, Office of Water Engineering Research and Standards, Khuzestan Water and Electricity Organization, 137 p. (In Persian).
Bull WB, McFadden LD. 1977. Tectonic geomorphology north and south of the Garlock Fault, California, In: Doehring, D.O. (Ed.), Geo morphology in Arid Regions, Proceedings of the Eighth Annual Geomorphology Symposium, State University of NewYork, Binghamton, pp. 115–138.
Cheng W, Wang N, Zhao M, Zhao S. 2016. Relative tectonics and debris flow hazards in the Beijing mountain area from DEM–derived geomorphic indices and drainage analysis. Geomorphology, l 257: 134–142.
Conforti M, Ietto F. 2020. Influence of Tectonics and Morphometric Features on the Landslide Distribution: A case study from the Mesima Basin (Calabria, South Italy), Journal of Earth Science, 31(2): 393–409.
Dos Santos, JM, Salamuni E, Dasilva CL, Sanches E, Gimenez VB,  Nascimento ER. 2019. Morph tectonics in the Central-East Region of South Brazil: Implications for Catchments of the Lava-Tudo and Pelotas Rivers, State of Santa Catharina, Geomorphology, Vol 328: 138–156.
EL Hamdouni R, Irigaray C, fernandez T, Chacon J, Keller EA. 2008. Assessment of relative active tectonic, southwest border of sierra Nevada (Southern Spain). Geomorphology, 96: pp. 150–173.
El Hamdouni R, Irigaray C, Fernandez T, Fernández  P,  Jiménez J, Chacón J. 2006. Active tectonics as determinant factor in GIS landslides susceptibility mapping: application to the SW border of Sierra Nevada (Granada, Spain), Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 8, 03154.
Ezzatyan V, Daneshamooz Z. 2012. Investigation of hydro geomorphological characteristics of Kheyrabad Watershed, Journal of Land Management, 4(2): 113–140. (In Persian).
Ganjeyan H, Yamani M, Gourabi AB, Maghsoudi M. 2020. Adaptation of morphotectonic indices with seismic centers in the northwest Zagros (Sirvan and Qarasu basins), Geography and Environmental Planning, 31(4): 130–113. (In Persian).
Ghasemyan B, Abedini M, Roustaei Sh, Shirzadi A. 2018. Comparative study of vector support machine models and tree logistics to assess landslide sensitivity, Case study: Kamyaran city, Kurdistan province, Quarterly Journal of Natural Geography, 6(3): 15–36. (In Persian).
Gourabi A, Emami K. 2017. Effects of Neolithic construction on morphological changes in drainage basins of macron coast, southeastern Iran, Journal of Quantitative Geomorphological Research, 6(1): 74–89. (In Persian).
Guarnieri P, Pirrotta C. 2008. The response of drainage basins to the late quaternary tectonics in the Sicilian side of the Messina Strait (NE Sicily). Geomorphology, 95: 260–273.
Habibi A. 2014. Landslides study using morph tectonic indices, Journal of Watershed Engineering and Management, 7(1): 98–108. (In persian).
Harkins NW, Anastasia DJ, Frank FJ. 2005. Tectonic geomorphology of the red rock fault, insights into segmentation and landscape evolution of a developing range front normal fault. Journal of Structural Geology, 27: pp. 1925–1939.
Horton RE. 1945. Erosional development of streams and their drainage basins: Hydro physical approach to quantitative morphology, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 56 (3): 275– 370.
Ilanloo M. 2020. Investigation of active tectonics of dalaki catchment using geomorphic indices and geo morphological evidences, Geography. Iranian Journal of Geographical Association, 18(66):168–185. (In Persian).
Jedari Eivazi J. 2002. Geomorphology of Iran, Payame Noor University Press. (In Persian).
Khalaj, M. 2021. Evaluation of tectonic activity of Qorveh-dehgolan catchment using geomorphic, geography and development indices, No. 62. (In Persian).
Keller EA, Pinter N. 2002. Active tectonics: Earthquakes, Uplift, and Landscape (2ndEd.), Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 338 p.
Khoudaeigheshlagh  L,  Roustaei, Sh, Hojazizadeh SA. 2017. Evaluation of  logistic regression method in investigating landslide potential occurrence case study: Hajiler Chay River Basin, Quarterly Journal of Natural Geography, 10 (37): 45–57.
Khabbazi M, Shahbazi M. 2015. Investigation and analysis of geomorphic indicators and its relationship with active morphotectonics in regions dry (Ardestan playa), Journal of Geography and Regional Development, 13 (2): 45–65. (In Persian).
Kyani T, Hydrad N, Parastoo GA. 2020. Active tectonics of the Roudbar Region: with special reference to the landslides of the area. Journal of Spatial Analysis Environmental Hazarts, 7 (1): 65–88. (In Persian).
Lahai YA, Anderson KF E, Jalloh Y, Rogers I, Kamara M. 2021. A comparative geological, tectonic and geomorphological assessment of the Charlotte, Regent and Madina landslides, Western area, Sierra Leone, Geo Environmental Disasters, 8 (16): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40677–021-00187-x.
Layani GH, Bakhshoodeh M, Zibaei M. 2020. A System dynamics approach for evaluating the impacts of water demand management policies in Kheirabad River Basin, Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 51–52 (2): 195–216.
Longkumer L, Luirei Kh, Moiya JN, Thong GT. 2019. Morphotectonics and neotectonic activity of the Schuppen Belt of Mokokchung, Nagaland, India, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol 170, Pp 138–154.
Majidzadeh R, Hosaynzadeh MM, Esmaeili R. 2011. Proceedings of the 30th Earth Science Conference, March 1st to 3rd, 2011. (In Persian).
Negahban S, dortaj D. 2019. Active tectonic evaluation of Sirvan River Basin using geomorphic indices, Hydro Geomorphology, 5 (19): 209–187. (In Persian).
Novikov IS, Pospeeva EV. 2017. Neotectonics of eastern Gory Altai: Evidence from Magneto telluric Data, Russian Geology and Geophysics, 58 (7): 769–777.
Oliaye A, Nazari Samani AA, Teymourian T, Razandi Y. 2014. Researches of the first national conference on natural resources management. Gonbad Kavous University, (In persian).
Sabori SM, Hajialibaygi H, Talebyan M, Fatahi M. 2021. Investigating the frequency of landslide occurrence with active technicians in the northern region of Qazvin. Journal of Range and Watershed Management, 74(2), 423–436. (In Persian).
Saffari K, Yamani M, Karam A, Karami P. 2018. Morphogenetic effects of active tectonics on landslides in Jajroud Basin, Quantitative Geomorphology, 7 (3): 135–117. (In Persian).
Sumaryono S, Dasa Trinana Y, Hidayati S, Wahyadi, DR, Muslim D, Sulaksana N. 2015. Control morphology to the landslide Induced Earthquake: Case Study Padang Pariamana, Sumatra, 10th Asian Regional Conference of IAEG.
Sappington JM, Longshore KM, Thompson DB. 2007. Quantifying landscape ruggedness for animal habitat analysis: A case study using bighorn sheep in the Mojave Desert. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 71: 1419–1426.
Shahmary R. 2017. Evaluation of new construction activities in the western watersheds of Guilan Province, Journal of Quantitative Geomorphological Research, 6 (2): 148–165. (In Persian).
Shankar R, Prakash Satyam G, Kumar Singh P, Kumar Paswan R. 2021. Impact of geo morphometric parameters on landslide occurrence and distribution in yamuna river basin, North-Western Himalaya, India, https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-404865/v1.
Sharifi R,  pourkermani M, solgi A. 2012. Comparison slide zones by Nilsen method with active tectonic zones produce of Smf index, International Journal of Fundamental physical Sciences, IJFPS, 2 (2): 24–28.
Singh P, Gupta A, Singh M. 2014. Hydrological inferences from watershed analysis for water resource management using remote sensing and GIS techniques, The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, pp. 1– 11.
Terzaghi K. 1950. Mechanisms of Landslides, Geotechnical Society of America, Berkeley, pp. 83–125.
Yousefi T. 2010. Introduction of faults caused by earthquakes in Noorabad Mamasani Region, Geological Survey of Iran, Geological and Mineral Exploration Management of the southern region (Shiraz), 6 p. (In Persian).
Yamani M, Elmizadeh H. 2014. The effect of neonatal construction on the morphology of the drainage network of Nachi Watershed using geomorphic and morphometric indices, Quarterly Journal of Geographical Research, 29 (1): 9–22. (In Persian).
Wells SG, Bullard TF, Menges CM, Drake PG, Karas PA, Kelson KL, Ritter JB, Wesling JR .1988. Regional variation in tectonic geomorphology along a segmented convergent plate boundry, pacific coast of coast Rica, Geomorphology, 3 (1): 239–265.
Zovoili E, Konstantinidi EF, Koukouvelas J. 2004. Tectonic geomorphology of escarpments; the case of Kompotades and Nea Anchlalos Faults, Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece, 36(5): 1716–1725.