تعیین مناسب‌‌ترین ضریب گامای فازی و پهنه‌بندی حساسیت زمین‌لغزش در آبخیز قزل‌اوزن

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

زمین‌‌لغزش یکی از نوع‌های مخرّب فرسایش در دامنه‌‌ها است که موجب زیان‌های مالی و جانی فراوانی می‌‌شود. شناسایی عامل‌های مؤثر در بروز زمین‌‌لغزش و تهیه‌ی نقشه‌ی پهنه‌‌بندی حساسیت آن، یکی از ابزارهای پایه‌یی برای مدیریت‌کردن و کاستن از زیان‌های احتمالی است. هدف این پژوهش تعیین مناسب‌‌ترین ضریب گامای فازی و پهنه‌بندی حسّاسیت زمین‌لغزش در آبخیز قزل‌اوزن استان قزوین است. ابتدا نقشه‌ی رقومی عامل‌های مؤثر شامل سنگ‌‌شناسی، فاصله از گسل، شتاب زمین‌‌لرزه، درجه‌ی شیب، جهت شیب، بلندی، کاربری زمین، فاصله از جاده، فاصله از آب‌راه، اندازه‌ی بارش، بیشینه‌ی بارش روزانه و نقشه‌ی رقومی پراکنش زمین‌‌لغزش‌‌ها تهیه شد. اندازه‌های نسبت فراوانی و عضویت فازی برای هر رده‌ از نقشه‌های عامل‌های مؤثر محاسبه شد، و نقشه‌ی حسّاسیت زمین‌لغزش با اندازه‌های گوناگون گامای فازی تهیه و رده‌‌بندی شد. به‌طورکلی در این حوزه 17 زمین‌لغزش با مجموع مساحت 213 هکتار ثبت شد که 70 % آن‌ها برای پهنه‌بندی (11 زمین‌لغزش با مساحت 153هکتار) و 30 % مانده (6 زمین‌لغزش با مساحت 60 هکتار) برای ارزیابی دقت نقشه‌های خطر به‌کار برده‌شد. نتیجه‌ی ارزیابی نشان داد که ‌بیش‌ترین اندازه‌ی شاخص مجموع پسندیدگی (2/37) در عمل‌گر فازی با گامای 0/96 است. بنابراین دقت این مدل از دیگر اندازه‌های گاما ‌بیش‌تر است. نتیجه‌ی این پژوهش کاربرد مهمّی در فرآیند آمایش کاربری‌‌های زمین و مدیریت منطقه‌های حساس به زمین‌لغزش خواهد داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determining the Best Fuzzy Gamma Coefficient and Landslide Hazard Zoning in Qezelozan Watershed

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jamal Mosaffaie 1
  • Amin Salehpour Jam 2
1 Associate Professor,, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute (SCWMRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor,, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Landslide is one of the most destructive types of erosion on slopes, which causes a lot of financial and human losses. Identifying the effective factors in landslide occurrence and preparing a landslide hazard zonation map is one of the basic tools to manage and reduce potential damage. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of fuzzy gamma operators and landslide hazard zonation in the Qezelozan watershed of Qazvin province. The landslide inventory map and also 11 effective factors including slope, slope direction, altitude, land use, lithology, distance to road, distance to stream, distance to fault, earthquake acceleration, precipitation, and maximum daily precipitation were first prepared. Then, the values of frequency ratio and fuzzy membership were calculated for each class of effective factors. In the next step, the landslide susceptibility maps were produced using fuzzy gamma operators. A total of 17 landslides were identified, 70% (11 landslides with an area of 153 hectares) of which were used to model and 30% (6 landslides with an area of 60 hectares) of which were used to evaluate the results of the models. The evaluation process using Density Ratio and Sum of Quality indices showed that the gamma of 0.96 has higher accuracy than other gamma values in the study area. The landslide hazard zoning map of the superior model will be useful in land use planning and reducing the landslide risk of the region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Frequency ratio
  • fuzzy logic
  • hazard zonation
  • landslide susceptibility
  • Qezelozan watershed

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