ارزیابی تأثیر ساخت بند خاکی بر مهار فرسایش خندقی از دیدگاه آبخیزنشینان در آبخیز مزایجان استان فارس

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

اغلب طرح ­های آبخیزداری با هدف مهارکردن فرسایش خاک و سیلاب، و کاستن از پی‌آمدهای مخرب ناشی از آن ها تهیه و اجرا می­ شود. بنابراین ارزیابی تأثیر آن­ ها یکی از ضروری ­ترین و مهم ­ترین پیش ­نیازهای موفقیت است. در این پژوهش تأثیر ساخت بند خاکی بر مهار فرسایش خندقی از دیدگاه آبخیزنشینان در آبخیز مزایجان زرین ­دشت، در جنوب استان فارس ارزیابی شد. پرسش‌نامه ­یی با 32 پرسش از یک طیف 5 گزینه­ یی لیکرت تهیه، و در مصاحبه ­ی حضوری با 200 نفر از آبخیزنشینان پر کرده شد. پاسخ‌ها از دیدگاه ویژگی­ های جمعیت شناختی (جنسیت و شغل) با نرم­افزار SPSS (نسخه­ ی 16) تجزیه و تحلیل شد. یافته­ های این پژوهش نشان داد که 38/3 % از زنان، 32/7 % از مردان، و 47/3 % از کشاورزان زمین‌دار باور داشتند که ساخت بند خاکی باعث بهترشدن منطقه و بهبود شرایط زندگی شده‌است. 59/6 % از زنان، 60/8 % از مردان، و 69/1 % از کشاورزان زمین‌دار ارزیابی مثبتی از تأثیر ساخت بند خاکی بر مهار فرسایش خندقی داشتند. بیش‌ترین درصد اندازه‌ی موافقت با انجام فعالیت‌های مشابه در منطقه در  59/5 % از زنان، 60/1 % از مردان، و 69/1 % از کشاورزان زمین‌دار بود. برپایه‌ی نگاه مثبت و تجربه ی ملموس آبخیزنشینان این منطقه در اثرگزاری ساخت بند خاکی، پیشنهاد می­ شود برای ترویج طرح­ های آبخیزداری، برنامه‌ریزی برای آن‌ها، اجرای آن‌ها، و بهره ­برداری و نگه‌داری از آن‌ها تلاش جدی شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the Effect of Earth Dam Construction on Gully Erosion Control from the Perspective of Watershed Residents in Mazayjan Watershed of Fars Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Masoud Soleimanpour 1
  • Majid Soufi 1
  • Hojatolah Keshavarzi 2
1 Associate Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran
2 M.Sc., Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Most watershed management projects are designed and implemented with the aim of controlling soil erosion and floods, reducing their destructive consequences. Therefore, evaluating their impact is one of the most essential and important prerequisites for success. The present study evaluated the of the effect of earth dam construction on gully erosion control from the perspective of watershed residents in Mazayjan Zarrinudasht watershed located in the south of Fars Province. A questionnaire consisting of 32 questions from a range of 5 Likert options was prepared, and filled with a face-to-face interview with 200 watershed residents. Responses were analyzed in terms of demographic characteristics (gender and occupation) by SPSS software (version 16). Findings showed that 38.3% of women, 32.7% of men, and 47.3% of farmers with land believed that the construction of earth dam has improved the region and the living conditions. 59.6% of women, 60.8% of men and 69.1% of farmers with land had a positive evaluation of the effect of earth dam construction on gully erosion control. 59.5% of women, 60.1% of men and 69.1% of farmers with land had the highest percentages of agreeing to similar activities in the region. It is suggested that considering the positive view and tangible experience of the watershed residents of this region in the effectiveness of the construction of the earth dam, serious efforts be made to promote, plan, implement, operate and maintain watershed management projects.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Earthen dam
  • gully erosion
  • Mazayjan
  • watershed residents
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