نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 محقق پست دکتری دانشگاه سمنان
2 دانشیار گروه بیابانزدایی دانشگاه سمنان
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction and Objective
Groundwater is considered one of the most important sources for agricultural irrigation and drinking water supply and is strongly influenced by environmental and climatic factors. Our limited knowledge of hydrological processes, especially groundwater resources, underscores the importance of understanding parameters and patterns influencing groundwater recharge for optimal water resource management. Investigating the temporal pattern of groundwater recharge provides a basis for sustainable groundwater resource management to mitigate the effects of drought on water resources.
Materials and Methods
In this study, quantification of groundwater recharge for the period 2008-2018 was conducted using the SWAT model in the Damghanroud watershed located in Semnan province. Model calibration and validation were performed using the SWATCUP model and the SUFI2 algorithm. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI), and Standardized Runoff Index (SRI) were employed to assess drought effects on groundwater recharge. Trend analysis of groundwater recharge was calculated using the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test and the Sen slope estimator method.
Results and Discussion
SWAT model results, using the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) coefficient for calibration and validation periods, indicated the relatively good performance of the SWAT model in simulating groundwater. Findings revealed no specific trend in groundwater recharge at the monthly scale. However, during winter, spring, and summer seasons, a decreasing trend in groundwater recharge was observed. Decreased precipitation and runoff along with increased temperature and evapotranspiration led to increased drought and groundwater depletion. Annual-scale groundwater recharge exhibited an increasing trend during wet periods and a decreasing trend during drought periods. Mild drought periods showed decreasing trends in precipitation, runoff, temperature, and evapotranspiration, with minimal impact on groundwater depletion.
Conclusion
Temporal pattern analysis of aquifers demonstrated that climatic variations are closely related to each other and to the phenomenon of drought, particularly in dry and semi-arid regions. The temporal pattern of groundwater recharge is influenced by various changes in watershed variables, and the extent of these changes depends on the correlation between variables. Drought trend analysis on aquifers showed an increasing trend during wet periods and a decreasing trend during drought periods, suggesting that optimal water resource management and planning can be utilized to improve aquifer recharge during wet periods and mitigate the effects of drought on aquifer recharge
کلیدواژهها [English]
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