نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران
2 دانشیار ترویج کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
3 استادیار، گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران
4 دانشیار، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
5 دکتری اقلیم‌شناسی در برنامه‌ریزی محیطی، دبیر کمیته تحقیقات شرکت آب منطقه‌ای استان البرز
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction and Goal
Flood has always been a major threat to most people in the world. Today the occurrence of this phenomenon has increased significantly worldwide, and climate change will increase the number, intensity, and magnitude of such events. Floods can cause irreparable and unforeseen damage, and Asian countries are high-risk areas that are exposed to relatively high levels of flooding and earthquakes and the damage they cause. Iran has experienced catastrophic floods in the last decade, and one of the provinces of Iran that has suffered a lot of damage from floods is Alborz province. In this province, at least 12 people have died, hundreds have been injured, and 4,076,333 million rials of financial damage has been caused due to floods in the last decade. This increase requires the need to identify effective flood management solutions. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to apply the flood crisis management framework in Alborz province with an emphasis on identifying, classifying, and prioritizing solutions.
Materials and Methods
The method of conducting the present study was descriptive-exploratory in terms of strategy and mixed in terms of implementation, with its qualitative method being conducted through interviews with an expert panel and its quantitative method being conducted through data collection using a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the expert panel and its reliability was confirmed by the Cochran formula. The sample size of the study was 49 experts (faculty, experts, and specialists) knowledgeable about natural hazards occurring in Alborz province, which was determined using the snowball method. The responses obtained from the interview with open-ended questions were first analyzed using thematic analysis and using NVIVO12 software. Then, using the obtained components, a quantitative researcher-made questionnaire was designed and completed again by the research sample. To determine the importance of each component, the Friedman test was performed using SPSS24 software, and the ranking and determination of the importance and priority of flood crisis management components in Alborz province were performed.
Results and Discussion
Based on the findings, the average age of the research sample was 50.2 years and all of them were married. Also, the average work experience of these individuals was 21.7 years and the majority of them (55.1%) had a PhD degree. In terms of field of study, watershed management was the most frequent among the specialized fields of the research sample with a frequency of 22.5%. Also, the findings of the research in the flood crisis management stages section indicated that in the risk reduction stage, the strategy of "development of watershed and aquifer management facilities" with an average rank of 31.57 is of the highest importance. In the preparation stage, the strategy of "coordination and coordination of organizations related to flood crisis management" with an average rating of 7.68, in the response stage, the strategy of "rapid deployment of relief and security forces during a flood crisis" with an average rating of 2.96, and in the rehabilitation stage, the strategy of "organization and correction of river courses" with an average rating of 6.43, were assigned the highest importance in the Friedman test ranking.
Conclusion and Suggestions
The findings of this study showed that in order to achieve the goal of successful flood crisis management in Alborz province, it is necessary to form a coherent and decision-making organizational structure in the field of coordination between the aforementioned organizations in a single powerful organization and to hold its meetings and coordination regularly and continuously. Also, to improve the crisis management process, participatory governance, playing the role of all stakeholders in policy-making and establishing local committees for consultation and decision-making and developing long-term and sustainable solutions for different time and space scales, and finally changing the attitude towards the nature of the measures from structural (technical-engineering) to managerial (non-structural) is necessary. Finally, and for future research, it is suggested that researchers in this field examine the perspectives of other stakeholders in the flood crisis (villagers, farmers, associations, urban communities, etc.), address the various dimensions of flood damage in Alborz province in the economic, social, psychological, environmental, etc., examine the legal issues and foundations of combating land use change and encroachment on the privacy of rivers and waterways at the provincial level, and conduct comparative research on different flood crisis management methods in other provinces of the country and Alborz province, as well as between Iran and other countries.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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