نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران
2 دانشیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران
3 دانشیار پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction and Goal
Today, due to the importance of watershed management projects and their numerous consequences, the results of implementing these projects in various regions cannot be ignored in terms of their impact on residents' livelihoods and needs. Evaluating the outcomes and effects of watershed management measures is essential to achieving beneficial results and increasing efficiency. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of identifying and assessing the effectiveness of watershed management measures implemented by the General Department of Natural Resources of Razavi Khorasan Province, from the perspective of experts in the Khanik-Gonabad watershed in Razavi Khorasan Province.
Materials and Methods
In this research, the Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM) method and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method were used to evaluate the effects of watershed management measures. Therefore, in the field phase, comprehensive data were collected from the Department of Natural Resources and Watershed Management of Razavi Khorasan Province (including: type, number, year of construction, and dimensions of the implemented watershed management structures in the Khanik Gonabad watershed). Then, the effects of watershed management measures were evaluated using the Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM) method. In this research, key influencing factors were classified into four categories: economic, social, physical, and ecological. Each factor was scored based on the importance of conditions and temporal context. The scoring method was designed such that the overall magnitude of each criterion was determined by multiplying its relevant sub-criteria. For the temporal value criterion, its sub-criteria were summed. After obtaining these criteria, the environmental impact score of the project was calculated by multiplying these two criteria together.
Results and Discussion
The results of the study of watershed management measures in the Khanik watershed using the (RIAM) method showed that from the perspective of two social and ecological indicators, the effects and changes of the implemented measures were insignificantly positive (+A). From the perspective of the economic and physical indicators, the effects and changes of watershed management operations were small positive (+B) and medium positive (+C), respectively. In general, the study of the effects of the construction of three earthen dams in the Khanik watershed showed that the effects of watershed management measures were positive but small (+B).
Conclusion and Suggestions
The results of determining the weight of the criteria and sub-criteria using the hierarchical analysis of Khanik village showed that the highest weight among the criteria was related to the physical criterion (increasing the water yield of the aqueduct, increasing the water yield of springs, watering agricultural wells, controlling floods and sedimentation) of 0.445. This finding indicated that the implementation of watershed management measures has achieved the main objectives of the plan, namely controlling floods and feeding the aqueducts. Also, the results of the evaluation of watershed management measures using the (RIAM) method showed that the effects of these measures were positive but low. Therefore, it is suggested that these measures be implemented in combination with other biological and structural watershed management operations to increase their effectiveness.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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