مکان یابی مشارکتی راهکارهای پیشنهادشده برای مدیریت کردن آبخیز حبله رود

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 استادیار گروه آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

3 دانش آموخته دکترای علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

4 دانشجوی دکترای علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

5 استاد گروه مدیریت مناطق بیابانی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

منابع طبیعی کشور با تهدیدهای جدی تغییر اقلیم، خشک‌سالی‌ها، آلودگی‌ها (آب، خاک، هوا) و تخریب زمین در نتیجه‌ی مدیریت و بهره‌برداری نامناسب زمین و توسعه‌ی ناپایدار به‌ویژه در زمین‌های شیب‌دار و مناطق کوهستانی روبه‌رو است. اوضاع منابع طبیعی آبخیز حبله‌رود نیز از تک‌تک این پدیده‌ها مستثنی نیست و در هر نقطه‌یی از آن یک یا چند مورد از این پدیده‌های تخریب نمود دارد. بنابراین برای غلبه بر مشکلات آبخیز، کاهش فشارها و بهبود وضعیت سامانه، دادن راه‌کارهای مختلف ضروری به‌نظر می‌رسد. پس از تهیه‌‌ی فهرست اولیه‌ی راه‌کارهای پیشنهادشده برای آبخیز حبله‌رود با به‌کاربردن نظر جامعه‌ی محلی و کارشناسی،  برای انتخاب راه­حل­ها و اولویت­بندی آن‌ها با روش‌های تصمیم­گیری چند معیاره با روی‌کرد مشارکتی، در نرم‌افزار mDSS مدل‌سازی شد. با مشارکت جامعه و کارشناسان محلی، پراکنش مکانی راه‌کارهای پیشنهادشده در حوزه مشخص شد. نتایج نشان داد که دسته‌ی راه‌کارهای "برنامه­ریزی و مدیریت زمین" در همه‌ی روش­های تصمیم­گیری در اولویت اول است. راه‌کارهای "تهیه و تدوین برنامه‌ی مدیریت جامع آبخیز/ منابع آب"، "تهیه و تدوین برنامه‌ی آمایش سرزمین در مقیاس‌های مختلف" و "شناسایی و آموزش شغل‌های جدید و جای‌گزین" به‌ترتیب در اولویت­های اول تا سوم است. بنابراین برای مدیریت بهتر آبخیزها و دست­یابی به توسعه‌ی پایدار، باید به دسته راه‌کارهای برنامه­ریزی و مدیریت زمین بیش‌تر توجه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Participatory Site Selection for the Proposed Options in the Management of the Hable-Roud Basin

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahedberdi Sheikh 1
  • Arash Zare Garizi 2
  • Ehsan Alvandi 3
  • Omid Asadi Nalivan 3
  • Gholamreza Khosravi 4
  • Amir Sadoddin 1
  • Majid Ownegh 5
1 Associate Professor, Watershed Management Department, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
2 Assistant Professor, Watershed Management Department, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
3 Graduate in Ph.D. Watershed Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
4 Ph.D. Student in Watershed Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
5 Professor, Department of Desert Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
چکیده [English]

Natural resources of Iran is critically facing various threats including climate change, droughts, pollution (water, soil and air) and land degradation induced by inappropriate land management, i.e. unsustainable development practices, particularly on sloping tracts in mountainous areas. The Hable-Roud Basin conditions are the same as those of the entire country without exception. Therefore, to overcome these maleficient activities, development of various management options seems inevitable. After drawing up a preliminary list of proposed management options for the Goursefid Sub-watershed of the Hable-Roud (river) Basin through participation of local communities and experts’ input, selection and prioritization of the options were modeled using the participatory approach and application of the multi-criteria decision making methods within the mDSS software. Ultimately, suitable locations for an implementation of the selected options were identified and positioned across the study area with the participation of representatives of the local communities and experts. The results indicated that the main category of “land management and planning” options were preferred using all of the group decision making methods. Moreover, “development of an integrated watershed/water resources management plan”, “development of landuse plan at different scales” and “identification and training of new job opportunities and alternative livelihoods” were ranked first to third, respectively. Therefore, more attention should be paid to land management and planning options to better administer the watershed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • DPSIR approach
  • integrated watershed management
  • mDSS software
  • multiple-criteria decision-making
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