بررسی احتمال تخریب زمین با روش تاپسیس در مرتع های مشرف به شهر اشتهارد، استان البرز

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 مربی، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

تخریب زمین‌‌ در اقلیم‏های مختلف موجب انهدام زیست‌بوم­های طبیعی و کاهش توان تولید طبیعت می‌شود. در بررسی احتمال تخریب زمین‌‌ در محدوده‌ی مرتع‌های مشرف به اشتهارد، نقشه‏ی طبقه‌های شیب، کاربری زمین‌‌ و زمین­شناسی تهیه شد تا واحدهای همگن ایجاد شود، و از روی­هم گذاشتن و تقاطع‌دادن این نقشه‏ها، نقشه‏ی واحدهای­کاری به‌دست آمد. سه شاخص حساسیت به فرسایش، شوری و نفوذپذیری در هر یک از واحدهای کاری انتخاب، و هر یک با نقشه‏ی طبقه‏بندی‌شده نشان داده‌شد. وزن معیارها و نسبت سازگاری آن‌ها با روش فرآیند تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی (AHP) محاسبه شد. برای تعیین‌کردن احتمال و اولویت­بندی‌کردن گزینه­ها روش تاپسیس به‌کاربرده شد. در این روش پس از محاسبه‌ی چارچوب به‌معیار شده‌ی موزون، فاصله‌های اقلیدسی، و نزدیکی نسبی به راه‌حل دل‌خواه اقدام، احتمال تخریب زمین‌‌ واحدها اولویت­بندی شد. دامنه‌ی تغییر نزدیکی نسبی به راه‌حل دل‌خواه گزینه­ها مبتنی بر روش AHP-TOPSIS از 0/002 تا 0/991 متغیر بود. بر این اساس، در منطقه­ی بررسی‌شده چهار طبقه­ی احتمال یا شدت تخریب زمین‌‌ دیده شد. احتمال تخریب زمین‌‌ در 20872/7092 هکتار (37/97%) از منطقه کم، در 1470/279 هکتار (2/67%) متوسط، در 1844/861 هکتار (3/36%) زیاد، و در 30788/02 هکتار (56/00%) خیلی زیاد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

An Assessment of the Land Degradation Potential Using the TOPSIS Method (Case Study: Rangelands Overlooking the City of Eshtehard, the Province of Alborz)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amin Salehpour Jam 1
  • Hamid Reza Peyrowan 2
  • Mahmoud Reza Tabatabaei 1
  • Amir Sarreshtehdari 3
  • Jamal Mosaffaie 1
1 Assistant Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Instructor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Land degradation in different climates drastically disturbs natural ecosystems and reduces the biological production potential of the resources. To investigate the role of geological criteria on land degradation in rangelands surrounding Eshtehard, the map of units was prepared by overlaying and crossing maps of slope classes, land uses, and geological formations using the ArcGIS 10.3 software. Three indices of erodibility, salinity and permeability for each unit were considered and classified. The weights of criteria and consistency ratios were calculated by the AHP method. The TOPSIS method was used to prioritize the alternatives. The weighted normalized values, Euclidean distances, and the relative closeness to the ideal solution were calculated and top priority was given to the land degradation potential (DP) of the units. The results indicated that the relative closeness to the ideal solution obtained from the AHP-TOPSIS technique ranged from 0.002 to 0.991. Accordingly, the study area contains four categories of potential or severity of land degradation, namely: 20872.709 ha (37.97%) of the area with low DP, 1470.297 ha (2.67%) of the area with moderate DP, 1844.861 ha (3.36%) of the area with high DP, and 30788.02 ha (56.00%) of the area with high DP.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Analytical hierarchy process
  • consistency ratio
  • ideal solution
  • MCDM
  • work units

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 12 خرداد 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 مرداد 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 12 شهریور 1398

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