شناخت توزیع مکانی احتمال رخ‌داد فرسایش خندقی با مدل بیشینه‌ی آنتروپی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای گروه احیای مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده‌ی منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه احیای مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده‌ی منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استاد گروه احیای مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده‌ی منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

4 استادیار گروه احیای مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده‌ی منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

5 دانشیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

فرسایش خندقی (آبکندی) یکی از مهم‌ترین نوع‌های فرسایش آبی است که به­ دلیل تأثیرهای درون‌منطقه‌یی و برون‌منطقه‌یی، نقش زیادی در ویرانی و نابودی توان تولید سرزمین دارد. تهیه‌ی نقشه‌ی مکانی احتمال رخ‌داد فرسایش خندقی برای مدیریت مناسب­تر کاربری زمین با هدف کاهش تخریب زمین در منطقه‌های آماده‌ی رخ‌داد خندق کارآیی زیادی دارد. پراکنش این فرسایش در ایران و گستردگی عامل‌ها و فرآیندهای مؤثر بر ایجاد آن، مانعی بزرگ در ایجادکردن مدلی فراگیر برای پیش­بینی رخ‌داد آن در مقیاس بزرگ‌ است. هدف از این تحقیق تهیه‌کردن نقشه‌ی احتمال رخ‌داد فرسایش خندقی با مدل یادگیری ماشینی بیشینه‌ی آنتروپی در استان فارس است. در این پژوهش از متغیرهای مرتبط با ویژگی­های زمینی و به­ ویژه خاک بهره‌گیری شد. سطح زیر منحنیِ ویژگیِ عاملِ گیرنده بیش از 90% به‌دست آمد، که نشان می­دهد مدل به‌خوبی توانست فرسایش خندقی را با داده­ ها ارزیابی کند. برپایه‌ی یافته‌های آزمون جک­نایف، متغیرهای احتمال روی‌داد افق R، عمق خاک، درصد قطعه‌های درشت­دانه، پی‌اچ در محلول کلرید پتاسیم، و درصد ذره‌های لای بیش‌ترین تأثیر را در مدل­سازی فرسایش خندقی داشت. نقشه‌ی توزیع مکانی احتمال رخ‌داد خندق، نقشه‌ی حساسیت زمین‌ها به فرسایش خندقی است. بر پایه‌ی یافته ­ها بیش‌ترین حساسیت به فرسایش خندقی در جنوب استان فارس است. نقشه‌ی تهیه‌شده در این تحقیق می­تواند نقشه‌ی پایه برای آمایش سرزمین، مدیران و مهندسان شهرسازی، راه­سازی، منابع طبیعی و کشاورزی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determining the Spatial Distribution of Gully Erosion Probability Using the MaxEnt Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Teimur Teimurian 1
  • Aliakbar Nazari Samani 2
  • Sadat Feiznia 3
  • khaled Ahmadaali 4
  • Seyed Masoud Soleimanpour 5
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor, Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
5 Associate Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Gully erosion is one of the most important types of water erosion, which has a great role in the destruction of land production capacity due to intra-regional and extra-regional effects. Preparing a spatial map of the possibility of gully erosion for better management of land use with the aim of reducing land degradation in areas prone to gully occurrence is very efficient. The distribution of this erosion in Iran and the extent of factors and processes affecting its creation have been a major obstacle in creating a comprehensive model for predicting its occurrence on a large scale. The purpose of this study is to prepare a map of the probability of gully erosion using the machine learning model of maximum entropy in Fars province. In this research, it has been tried to use variables related to terrestrial characteristics, especially soil. According to the results, the area under the ROC curve is above 90%, which shows that the model has been able to evaluate the gully erosion in the study area using the studied data. According to the results of the Jaknaev test, the variables of R horizon probability, soil depth, percentage of coarse grains, pH, and silt particles have the greatest impact on modeling moat erosion in the study area. The spatial distribution map of the occurrence of the gully is a map of land susceptibility to gully erosion. Based on the findings, the highest sensitivity to gully erosion is related to the south of Fars province. The map prepared in this research can be used as a basic map for land management, managers and engineers of urban planning, road construction, natural resources, and agriculture.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fars Province
  • gully erosion
  • maximum entropy

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 30 اردیبهشت 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 17 مرداد 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 شهریور 1400

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